Conduction aphasia, sensory-motor integration, and phonological short-term memory – An aggregate analysis of lesion and fMRI data

Buchsbaum, Bradley R.; Baldo, Juliana V.; Okada, Kayoko; Berman, Karen F.; Dronkers, Nina F.; D’Esposito, Mark; Hickok, Gregory

doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2010.12.001

Cited by 288 publications

(298 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(145 reference statements)

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“…We will come back to the specific case of conduction aphasia and its relation to apraxia shortly. Regardless, while conduction aphasia has been traditionally viewed as a disconnection between Broca's and Wernicke's areas owing to damage of the arcuate fasciculus [52], recent brain imaging studies have underlined the role of the supramarginal gyrus and neighbouring cortical territories in word repetition [65,66]. This region of the brain is also regarded as central in the cerebral organization of praxis.…”

Section: Clinical Description and Originalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A neuropsychological perspective on the link between language and praxis in modern humans

Roby-Brami

Hermsdörfer

Roy

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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6University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, FranceHypotheses about the emergence of human cognitive abilities postulate strong evolutionary links between language and praxis, including the possibility that language was originally gestural. The present review considers functional and neuroanatomical links between language and praxis in brain-damaged patients with aphasia and/or apraxia. The neural systems supporting these functions are predominantly located in the left hemisphere. There are many parallels between action and language for recognition, imitation and gestural communication suggesting that they rely partially on large, common networks, differentially recruited depending on the nature of the task. However, this relationship is not unequivocal and the production and understanding of gestural communication are dependent on the context in apraxic patients and remains to be clarified in aphasic patients. The phonological, semantic and syntactic levels of language seem to share some common cognitive resources with the praxic system. In conclusion, neuropsychological observations do not allow support or rejection of the hypothesis that gestural communication may have constituted an evolutionary link between tool use and language. Rather they suggest that the complexity of human behaviour is based on large interconnected networks and on the evolution of specific properties within strategic areas of the left cerebral hemisphere.

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Section: Clinical Description and Originalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A neuropsychological perspective on the link between language and praxis in modern humans

Roby-Brami

Hermsdörfer

Roy

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…16,[18][19][20] A recent localization study 21 provided specific evidence that this region supports prearticulatory phonologic retrieval. Using a quantitative statistical method called voxel-based lesionsymptom mapping, 22 the authors showed that damage to a focal region in the left pSTG and SMG causes impairment on a silent visual rhyme judgment task similar to the "snow/blow/plow" example given above (figure 2B).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…16,17 Figure 2A shows a summary of 14 functional imaging studies that isolated the phonologic retrieval stage by incorporating controls for semantic processing, speech articulation, and auditory perception (see appendix e-1 on the Neurology ® Web site at Neurology.org for a description of these studies). The structures most commonly implicated are pSTG, posterior MTG, and SMG.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Wernicke area

Binder

2015

Neurology

183

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The term "Wernicke's area" is most often used as an anatomical label for the gyri forming the lower posterior left sylvian fissure. Although traditionally this region was held to support language comprehension, modern imaging and neuropsychological studies converge on the conclusion that this region plays a much larger role in speech production. This evidence is briefly reviewed, and a simple schematic model of posterior cortical language processing is described. Neurology ® 2015;85:2170-2175 GLOSSARY AG 5 angular gyrus; lvPPA 5 logopenic-variant primary progressive aphasia; MTG 5 middle temporal gyrus; pSTG 5 posterior superior temporal gyrus; SMG 5 supramarginal gyrus; STG 5 superior temporal gyrus.

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“…First, evidence suggests that the principal role of the pSTG is in processing phonologic information for short-term memory and speech production tasks. [2][3][4] Second, language comprehension depends on a broadly distributed network spanning frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. 5,6 Thus, any model that proposes a strict localization of language comprehension to the pSTG can no longer be seen as tenable.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lesion localization of speech comprehension deficits in chronic aphasia

et al. 2017

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Objective: Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) was used to localize impairments specific to multiword (phrase and sentence) spoken language comprehension.Methods: Participants were 51 right-handed patients with chronic left hemisphere stroke. They performed an auditory description naming (ADN) task requiring comprehension of a verbal description, an auditory sentence comprehension (ASC) task, and a picture naming (PN) task. Lesions were mapped using high-resolution MRI. VLSM analyses identified the lesion correlates of ADN and ASC impairment, first with no control measures, then adding PN impairment as a covariate to control for cognitive and language processes not specific to spoken language.Results: ADN and ASC deficits were associated with lesions in a distributed frontal-temporal parietal language network. When PN impairment was included as a covariate, both ADN and ASC deficits were specifically correlated with damage localized to the mid-to-posterior portion of the middle temporal gyrus (MTG).Conclusions: Damage to the mid-to-posterior MTG is associated with an inability to integrate multiword utterances during comprehension of spoken language. Impairment of this integration process likely underlies the speech comprehension deficits characteristic of Wernicke aphasia. The notion that speech comprehension depends on the posterior left superior temporal gyrus (pSTG) 1 is a persistent one, despite 3 major problems with this model. First, evidence suggests that the principal role of the pSTG is in processing phonologic information for short-term memory and speech production tasks.2-4 Second, language comprehension depends on a broadly distributed network spanning frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. 5,6 Thus, any model that proposes a strict localization of language comprehension to the pSTG can no longer be seen as tenable. Third, speech comprehension is not a unitary process, but rather encompasses speech sound recognition, retrieval of individual word meanings, and various processes supporting integration of meaning across multiple words. All of these components also depend on the ability to maintain information in short-term memory and on general executive control processes. Given this complexity, which process or processes, if any, are likely to be localized to the superior temporal region?Multiword comprehension requires the rapid combination of individual word meanings, guided by syntactic information.7 Both functional imaging and lesion data suggest extensive cortical involvement in sentence comprehension [8][9][10][11] ; however, these studies have not attempted to separate the combinatorial processes unique to multiword comprehension from executive control processes. On the basis of several prior functional imaging studies, [12][13][14][15][16] we hypothesized that temporal lobe regions inferior to the classic Wernicke area may contain a critical site for combinatorial processing of phrase-level and sentence-level language. We tested this hypothesis

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Conduction aphasia, sensory-motor integration, and phonological short-term memory – An aggregate analysis of lesion and fMRI data

Cited by 288 publications

References 89 publications

A neuropsychological perspective on the link between language and praxis in modern humans

A neuropsychological perspective on the link between language and praxis in modern humans

The Wernicke area

Lesion localization of speech comprehension deficits in chronic aphasia

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