Objective
Provide evidence supporting universal HPV vaccination, including men.
Methods
Prospective study among men 18–70 years (n=665), from Cuernavaca, Mexico who completed questionnaires and provided specimens (HPV genotyped) at enrollment and 1+ follow-up visit. HPV prevalence and incidence were estimated; prevalence ratios were calculated with Poisson regression using robust variance estimation. Person-time for incident HPV infection was estimated using number of events modeled as Poisson variable for total person-months.
Results
Anal infection prevalence: any HPV type=15%, high-risk=8.4%, HPV16=1.4%, tetravalent vaccine types=4.4%, nonavalent vaccine types=6.3%. Factors associated with prevalence: 50+ lifetime female sex partners (adjusted prevalence ratio, aPR=3.25, 95%CI:1.12–9.47), 10+ lifetime male sex partners (aPR=3.06, 95%CI:1.4–6.68) and 1+ recent male anal sex partners (aPR=2.28, 95%CI:1.15–4.5). Anal incidence rate: high-risk HPV=7.8/1000 person-months (95%CI:6.0–10.1), HPV16=1.8/1000 person-months (95%CI:1.1–2.9), tetravalent vaccine types=3.4/1000 person-months (95%CI:2.3–4.9) and nonavalent vaccine types=5.5/1000 person-months (95%CI:4.1–7.5).
Conclusions
Implementation of universal HPV vaccination programs, including men, is a public health priority.