Cone-beam CT evaluation of root canal morphology of maxillary and mandibular premolars in a Turkish Cypriot population

Abstract

Objectives:Because of economic and political issues, Turkish Cypriots have been emigrating from Cyprus since the 1920s, especially to the United Kingdom, other European countries and Australia. Recently, according to the UK House of Commons, Home Affairs Committee, ~300,000 Cypriot Turks were living in the United Kingdom. However, this ethnic population residing in the United Kingdom has been insufficiently analysed. Although many Turkish Cypriots have been living abroad, little is known about the dental characteristics of this group. Premolar teeth, especially maxillary premolars, pose great challenges in endodontic treatment because of the number of roots and canals, and the variation in the configurations of the pulp cavity. Thus, it was considered valuable to determine the morphological characteristic of premolar teeth in a Turkish Cypriot population to aid clinicians in performing endodontic treatment in this ethnic population.Materials and Methods:The sample for this cross-sectional study consisted of a retrospective evaluation of cone-beam CT scans of 263 adult patients (age range 16–80 years). The number of roots and their morphology, the number of canals per root and the canal configuration were examined. The root canal configurations were also classified according to the scheme of Vertucci in the maxillary and mandibular premolar teeth. Pearson’s χ2-test was performed among canal configurations, sides and gender (P⩽0.05).Results:In the present study, most root canal configurations were type IV (76.8%) and type I (49.4%) in the maxillary first and second premolars, respectively, whereas most root canal configurations were type I (93%) in both mandibular first and second premolars. In total, four (0.9%) teeth in the maxillary first premolars and two (0.4%) teeth in the maxillary second molar premolars had three roots.Conclusions:This is the first population-based study to focus solely on Turkish Cypriots’ root canal anatomy. Our findings will be valuable for dental professionals who treat many Turkish Cypriot patients, in the United Kingdom, Australia and other countries.

Cone‐beam computed tomography investigation of the anatomy of permanent mandibular premolars in a cohort of Caucasians

“…reported that 1% of the examined first premolars presented two roots . Another study published on a Turkish population, published by Celikten et al., reported that a second root could be found in 3.6% of the 954 mandibular first premolars included in the investigation . In their review of the literature, Kottoor et al.…”

“…28 Another study published on a Turkish population, published by Celikten et al, reported that a second root could be found in 3.6% of the 954 mandibular first premolars included in the investigation. 29 In their review of the literature, Kottoor et al found significant differences among ethnic groups, reporting 2.52% of teeth with two roots among Caucasians (6226 teeth), 1% among Asians (2822 teeth), 16.2% among Africans or African Americans (812 teeth), and 6.67% among people from the Middle East (1200 teeth). 30 With regard to mandibular second premolars, we found a second root in 3.4% of teeth, which is comparable to the scientific literature.…”

“…5,21 Another recent study reported 24.8% of teeth with type V configuration, 28 while in a study on a Turkish population, a significantly low proportion of first premolars with this configuration was reported. 29,33 One recent CBCT study on a Spanish population (73 mandibular first premolars) reported that 12.3% of teeth showed a type V configuration, while the type I was more represented (78.1%). 34 We found that 95.5% of second premolars presented one root and one canal, as 4.5% had two distinct canals.…”

Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Root Canal Morphology of Maxillary Premolars in a Saudi Population

“…Compared to a recent CBCT study by Abella et al [ 37 ] in Spanish population, in maxillary first premolars, the most prevalent root morphology observed was two rooted (51.4%) and most of the teeth exhibited Type IV canal configuration (52.8%), while in maxillary second premolars, the most prevalent root morphology seen was single rooted (82.9%) and most of these teeth exhibited Type I canal configuration (47.2%). Moreover, two-rooted maxillary first premolars were reported to be 33% with 51% having Type IV canal configuration in a Chinese population [ 41 ], 68.6% with 68% having Type I canal configuration in a Pakistani population [ 42 ], and 44.8% with 76.8% having Type IV canal configuration in a Turkish Cypriot population [ 43 ]. Additionally, single-rooted maxillary second premolars were reported to be 84% with 53.4% having Type I canal configuration in a Pakistani population [ 42 ], and Type I canal configuration was the most commonly observed in a Turkish Cypriot population (49.4%) [ 43 ].…”

A Micro-Computed Tomography Study of the Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First Premolars in an Emirati Population

“…The rate of occurrence of a single canal ranges from 54 to 88.5%; however, multiple canals have been reported in 11.5-46% of cases [11] . C-shaped root canals have also been observed in mandibular first premolars, and their prevalence is reportedly 10-24% [12][13][14][15] .…”