Conference report: International Conference on HIV and iron, Brugge 1997

Boelaert, Johan R.; Piette, Jacques; Weinberg, Geoffrey A.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.1997.d01-177.x

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The need for more frequent doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine to prevent malaria in HIV-seropositive pregnant women, the concern that iron supplementation may be less useful in the presence of HIV infection, and the reported beneficial effects of multivitamin supplementation among HIV-seropositive pregnant women on Tcell counts points to the need for further evaluation of prevention strategies in areas of high HIV prevalence. 25,[43][44][45][46][47] This study confirms the importance of anemia in late pregnancy as a common problem in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, anemia was associated with malaria parasitemia in first and second pregnancies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity and malaria as risk factors for third-trimester anemia in asymptomatic pregnant women in western Kenya.

Eijk¹,

Ayisi²,

Kuile³

et al. 2001

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. To assess risk factors for anemia in late pregnancy, we studied healthy pregnant women with a singleton uncomplicated pregnancy of Ն 32 weeks attending the prenatal clinic in the Provincial Hospital in Kisumu, Kenya. Between June 1996 and December 1998, 4,608 pregnant women had a blood sample collected for hemoglobin (Hb) measurement, malaria smear, and testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The mean Ϯ standard deviation of Hb was 9.58 Ϯ 1.8 g/dL; 21% had malaria in their blood; and 25% of the women were HIV seropositive. Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia was more common among HIV-seropositive women in all gravidities compared with HIV-seronegative women (risk ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.53-1.92). In a multivariate analysis, for primi-and secundigravidae women, the factors malaria, belonging to the Luo tribe, and HIV seropositivity were significantly associated with any anemia (Hb Ͻ 11 g/dL), and HIV seropositivity and documented fever were associated with severe anemia (Hb Ͻ 7 g/dL). In women of higher gravidities, HIV seropositivity was the only statistically significant factor associated with any anemia or with severe anemia. Asymptomatic HIV seropositivity is an important risk factor to be considered in the differential diagnosis of maternal anemia, independent of P. falciparum parasitemia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity and malaria as risk factors for third-trimester anemia in asymptomatic pregnant women in western Kenya.

Eijk¹,

Ayisi²,

Kuile³

et al. 2001

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…50 With regard to HIV, an iron-mediated oxidative stress was shown by Shatrov et al to be induced by HIV Tat protein in Jurkat cells. 51 Accordingly, inhibitory eects of iron chelation were shown on viral cytopathogenicity in HIV-infected CD4 cell lines, 44 and Gougeon et al reported inhibitory eects of the iron-chelating drug desferrioxamine (DFO) on in-vitro apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes from HIV subjects, 52 a phenomenon which is increased in the advanced stages of the disease 53 and is not restricted to the proportion of cells infected with the virus. 54 Since only a minority of HIV target cells are infected in vivo, most phenomena described in cells infected with HIV in vitro do not necessarily constitute the grounds for the changes in iron metabolism observed in vivo.…”

Section: (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased bone marrow iron stores may be associated with reduced survival in subjects with HIV infection. 52 High serum ferritins are associated with adverse eects on the course of HIV infection in b-thalassaemic individuals. 52 On the other hand, HIV-infected, b-thalassaemic individuals seem to be protected by iron withdrawal against rapid progression to AIDS.…”

Section: Iron Loading Favours Hiv Replication and May Hasten Disease mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…52 High serum ferritins are associated with adverse eects on the course of HIV infection in b-thalassaemic individuals. 52 On the other hand, HIV-infected, b-thalassaemic individuals seem to be protected by iron withdrawal against rapid progression to AIDS. 65 In a meta-analysis report, Jacobus concluded that the iron content must have worsened the negative eects of an iron-containing dapsone preparation on survival of HIV-infected subjects in a clinical trial.…”

Section: Iron Loading Favours Hiv Replication and May Hasten Disease mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iron metabolism and HIV infection: reciprocal interactions with potentially harmful consequences?

Savarino

Pescarmona

Boelaert

1999

Cell Biochem. Funct.

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Humans with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection present some evidence suggestive of iron accumulation. Ferritin concentrations increase with HIV disease progression, and iron accumulates in several tissues. Iron excess may exert negative effects in individuals with HIV. Indeed, iron accumulation seems to be associated with shorter survival, and a number of investigations point to an iron-mediated oxidative stress in subjects with HIV infection. The observations on humans infected with HIV are in part supported by in-vitro findings. Indeed, in-vitro HIV infection is associated with changes in iron metabolism, and an iron-mediated oxidative stress is likely to contribute to viral cytopathogenicity. Furthermore, it is interesting to point out that the interaction between iron and HIV may be reciprocal, since viruses with a life-cycle involving a DNA phase require chelatable iron for optimum replication. This combined evidence suggests that iron metabolism is an important area for virus/host interaction. These observations may be relevant to both laboratory monitoring and clinical treatment of individuals with HIV.

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“…Transferrin is endocytosed by intracellular amastigotes and transferrin-carried iron promotes parasite survival in Leishmania-infected macrophages [26]. Strategies that limit iron acquisition by the parasite -within the parasitophorous vacuole -may therefore be useful to control the differentiation and further growth of Leishmania, as proposed for several other intracellular microorganisms [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. In this perspective we investigated whether iron delivery before and early after parasite inoculation, affects the outcome of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis initiated by L. major, using the susceptible BALB/c mouse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The outcome ofLeishmania major experimental infection in BALB / c mice can be modulated by exogenously delivered iron

et al. 2000

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We previously established that Leishmania promastigotes express a transferrin receptor and that iron chelators inhibit promastigote growth in vitro. Thus, we were interested in modulating the vertebrate host iron pool and to monitor whether such changes will affect the outcome of L. major infection in BALB / c mice, inoculated in the footpad with 106 stationary phase promastigotes. Treatment of mice with desferrioxamine resulted in a slight delay of the development of cutaneous lesions. In contrast and unexpectedly, systemic iron delivery, at early time points of parasite delivery, significantly limited footpad pathology. Accordingly, parasite loads at the site of parasite delivery, the draining lymph node, liver and spleen were significantly reduced in iron‐loaded mice. Importantly, the "protective" effect of iron delivery correlated with the presence, at the site of inoculation, of lower levels of IL‐4 and IL‐10 transcripts while both IFN‐γ and inducible nitric oxide synthase transcripts were at higher levels. The presence of more type 1 cytokine transcripts was further supported by the increased levels of IgG2a in their sera. These data strongly suggest that susceptibility to L. major as assessed in the footpad model is modifiable by interventions that alter the iron status of the host at early time points of parasite delivery.

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Conference report: International Conference on HIV and iron, Brugge 1997

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity and malaria as risk factors for third-trimester anemia in asymptomatic pregnant women in western Kenya.

Human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity and malaria as risk factors for third-trimester anemia in asymptomatic pregnant women in western Kenya.

Iron metabolism and HIV infection: reciprocal interactions with potentially harmful consequences?

The outcome ofLeishmania major experimental infection in BALB / c mice can be modulated by exogenously delivered iron

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