Conferring root-knot nematode resistance via host-delivered RNAi-mediated silencing of four Mi-msp genes in Arabidopsis

Joshi, Ila; Kumar, Anil; Kohli, D.; Singh, A. K.; Sirohi, Anil; Subramaniam, Kuppuswamy; Chaudhury, Ashok; Jain, Pradeep

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110592

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…MSP-3 which shows high expression in parasitic juveniles has a putative pentein domain that may take part in the translational regulation and cell signalling. Its silencing resulted in reduced number of galls and mature females signifying its involvement in RKN development ( Joshi et al, 2020 ). Another protein known as MSP-2 produced by parasitic J2s of M. incognita contains the ShK toxin domain.…”

Section: Role Of Sub-ventral Oesophageal Glands In Early Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectors of Root-Knot Nematodes: An Arsenal for Successful Parasitism

2021

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Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are notorious plant-parasitic nematodes first recorded in 1855 in cucumber plants. They are microscopic, obligate endoparasites that cause severe losses in agriculture and horticulture. They evade plant immunity, hijack the plant cell cycle, and metabolism to modify healthy cells into giant cells (GCs) – RKN feeding sites. RKNs secrete various effector molecules which suppress the plant defence and tamper with plant cellular and molecular biology. These effectors originate mainly from sub-ventral and dorsal oesophageal glands. Recently, a few non-oesophageal gland secreted effectors have been discovered. Effectors are essential for the entry of RKNs in plants, subsequently formation and maintenance of the GCs during the parasitism. In the past two decades, advanced genomic and post-genomic techniques identified many effectors, out of which only a few are well characterized. In this review, we provide molecular and functional details of RKN effectors secreted during parasitism. We list the known effectors and pinpoint their molecular functions. Moreover, we attempt to provide a comprehensive insight into RKN effectors concerning their implications on overall plant and nematode biology. Since effectors are the primary and prime molecular weapons of RKNs to invade the plant, it is imperative to understand their intriguing and complex functions to design counter-strategies against RKN infection.

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Section: Role Of Sub-ventral Oesophageal Glands In Early Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectors of Root-Knot Nematodes: An Arsenal for Successful Parasitism

2021

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“…This host-delivered RNAi could also be useful for crop protection. Joshi et al 2020 transformed hairpin constructstargeting 4 effector genes of Meloidogyne incognita-into Arabidopsis and the resulting lines showed a 70 to >300-fold reduction in nematode reproduction [17]. On the other hand, plants expressing nematode effectors are often more susceptible (sometimes also to other pathogens [18,19]).…”

Section: Genomics and Functional Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent applications of biotechnological approaches to elucidate the biology of plant–nematode interactions

Akker

Stojilković

Gheysen

2021

Current Opinion in Biotechnology

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“…To study the extent of nematode infection in WT, vectoronly, and transgenic Arabidopsis lines, infected roots grown in monoxenic culture were collected at 28 dpi and analyzed following the procedure describe by Joshi et al (2019Joshi et al ( , 2020 with minor modifications. Roots were gently harvested from the plates, agar was removed, and they were weighed.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Arabidopsis Plant Response To Rkn Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomato Divinyl Ether-Biosynthesis Pathway Is Implicated in Modulating of Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica's Parasitic Ability

et al. 2021

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The role of the 9-lipoxygenase (9-LOX)-derived oxylipins in plant defense is mainly known in solanaceous plants. In this work, we identify the functional role of the tomato divinyl ether synthase (LeDES) branch, which exclusively converts 9-hydroperoxides to the 9-divinyl ethers (DVEs) colneleic acid (CA) and colnelenic acid (CnA), during infection by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. Analysis of LeDES expression in roots indicated a concurrent response to nematode infection, demonstrating a sharp increase in expression during the molting of third/fourth-stage juveniles, 15 days after inoculation. Spatiotemporal expression analysis using an LeDES promoter:GUS tomato line showed high GUS activity associated with the developing gall; however the GUS signal became more constricted as infection progressed to the mature nematode feeding sites, and eventually disappeared. Wounding did not activate the LeDES promoter, but auxins and methyl salicylate triggered LeDES expression, indicating a hormone-mediated function of DVEs. Heterologous expression of LeDES in Arabidopsis thaliana rendered the plants more resistant to nematode infection and resulted in a significant reduction in third/fourth-stage juveniles and adult females as compared to a vector control and the wild type. To further evaluate the nematotoxic activity of the DVEs CA and CnA, recombinant yeast that catalyzes the formation of CA and CnA from 9-hydroperoxides was generated. Transgenic yeast accumulating CnA was tested for its impact on M. javanica juveniles, indicating a decrease in second-stage juvenile motility. Taken together, our results suggest an important role for LeDES as a determinant in the defense response during M. javanica parasitism, and indicate two functional modes: directly via DVE motility inhibition effect and through signal molecule-mediated defense reactions to nematodes that depend on methyl salicylate.

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Conferring root-knot nematode resistance via host-delivered RNAi-mediated silencing of four Mi-msp genes in Arabidopsis

Cited by 33 publications

References 55 publications

Effectors of Root-Knot Nematodes: An Arsenal for Successful Parasitism

Effectors of Root-Knot Nematodes: An Arsenal for Successful Parasitism

Recent applications of biotechnological approaches to elucidate the biology of plant–nematode interactions

Tomato Divinyl Ether-Biosynthesis Pathway Is Implicated in Modulating of Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica's Parasitic Ability

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