Confinement Effect on Porosity and Permeability of Shales

Goral, Jan; Panja, Palash; Deo, Milind; Andrew, Matthew; Linden, Sven; Schwarz, Jens-Oliver; Wiegmann, Andreas

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56885-y

Cited by 64 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…FFT-based methods are particularly effective for analyzing digital volume images of rocks [275][276][277], sedimentary rocks [278] and shales [279]. In this context, the mechanical compression of the digital images is indispensable for simulating the ambient conditions several kilometers below earth's surface [280].…”

Section: Porous and Granular Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of nonlinear FFT-based computational homogenization methods

Schneider

2021

Acta Mech

148

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Since their inception, computational homogenization methods based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) have grown in popularity, establishing themselves as a powerful tool applicable to complex, digitized microstructures. At the same time, the understanding of the underlying principles has grown, in terms of both discretization schemes and solution methods, leading to improvements of the original approach and extending the applications. This article provides a condensed overview of results scattered throughout the literature and guides the reader to the current state of the art in nonlinear computational homogenization methods using the fast Fourier transform.

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Section: Porous and Granular Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of nonlinear FFT-based computational homogenization methods

Schneider

2021

Acta Mech

148

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“…Permeability. Porosity and permeability are critical reservoir parameters and reflect depositional and diagenetic processes [46,47]. The measured core porosity of 38 samples ranges from 0.012 to 0.07, averaging 0.04 fraction.…”

Section: Lithofacies and Porosity Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lamination on Shale Reservoir Properties: Case Study of the Montney Formation, Canada

et al. 2021

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The presence of lamination on sedimentary rocks is a distinct characteristic, particularly in shales. They are distinct due to the contrast between successive layers with regard to grain size, composition, color, and sedimentary structures, such as graded beds. Typically, the degree of lamination is controlled by the sedimentation rate and flow regime. Herein, we developed a mudstone classification scheme in terms of lamination because lamination-based shale facies are related to differing features in mineral composition, porosity, and Young’s modulus. This study also attempts to verify whether wireline log patterns are relevant to shale lithofacies. The relationship between the porosity and lamination of the Montney Formation can be used to estimate reservoir properties. Our results show that an increased silt lamina in mudstone leads to an increase in the quartz and calcite contents and a decrease in the clay content, which increases the porosity, permeability, and Young’s modulus. However, reservoir quality is not solely dependent on lamination because of the complex interaction between components. The degree of lamination affected the neutron, density, and sonic log responses. Furthermore, the presence of lamination tends to decrease the neutron percentage, with similar trends in density and sonic log box plots in the study area. When the percentage of clay or cement material decreases, the neutron and density log responses diminish. Meanwhile, when the rock texture variation increases with an increase in the degree of lamination, the sonic log response decreases.

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“…Taking oil shale as an example, characterization and modeling of the pores' shape and connectivity provide essential information on the permeability and gas accumulation space [ 81 – 83 ]. Unlike the conventional reservoirs of sandstones and carbonates, previous studies have demonstrated that the shale reservoirs are usually dominated by a large number of nanometer pores [ 84 – 86 ]. Hence, FIB-SEM tomography can robustly identify and characterize the microstructural properties of shale kerogen.…”

Section: Applications Of the Fib-sem Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of FIB-SEM Techniques for the Advanced Characterization of Earth and Planetary Materials

Wang

Tang

et al. 2020

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Advanced microanalytical techniques such as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), atom probe tomography (APT), and synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) enable one to characterize the structure and chemical and isotopic compositions of natural materials down towards the atomic scale. Dual focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) is a powerful tool for site-specific sample preparation and subsequent analysis by TEM, APT, and STXM to the highest energy and spatial resolutions. FIB-SEM also works as a stand-alone technique for three-dimensional (3D) tomography. In this review, we will outline the principles and challenges when using FIB-SEM for the advanced characterization of natural materials in the Earth and Planetary Sciences. More specifically, we aim to highlight the state-of-the-art applications of FIB-SEM using examples including (a) traditional FIB ultrathin sample preparation of small particles in the study of space weathering of lunar soil grains, (b) migration of Pb isotopes in zircons by FIB-based APT, (c) coordinated synchrotron-based STXM characterization of extraterrestrial organic material in carbonaceous chondrite, and finally (d) FIB-based 3D tomography of oil shale pores by slice and view methods. Dual beam FIB-SEM is a powerful analytical platform, the scope of which, for technological development and adaptation, is vast and exciting in the field of Earth and Planetary Sciences. For example, dual beam FIB-SEM will be a vital technique for the characterization of fine-grained asteroid and lunar samples returned to the Earth in the near future.

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Confinement Effect on Porosity and Permeability of Shales

Cited by 64 publications

References 43 publications

A review of nonlinear FFT-based computational homogenization methods

A review of nonlinear FFT-based computational homogenization methods

Effect of Lamination on Shale Reservoir Properties: Case Study of the Montney Formation, Canada

Application of FIB-SEM Techniques for the Advanced Characterization of Earth and Planetary Materials

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