Confinement loss in hollow-core negative curvature fiber: A multi-layered model

Wang, Xiaocong; Ding, Wei

doi:10.1364/oe.25.033122

Cited by 65 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Values obtained for structure-X and structure-Y are 9.3 × 10 −5 and 1.4 × 10 −5 , respectively, directly confirming our initial assumptions about the increased mode leakage in case of structure-X. However, since the topic of propagation in HC-ARFs is still an open matter, especially in terms of high-order modes, structure modes, and losses [48][49][50], this issue still needs to be investigated in the future. In order to verify the coupling properties of the designed splitter, we have simulated the propagation of the light along the fiber.…”

Section: Polarization-splitting Dhc-arf-analysis Of Several Geometricsupporting

confidence: 77%

A Dual Hollow Core Antiresonant Optical Fiber Coupler Based on a Highly Birefringent Structure-Numerical Design and Analysis

Stawska

Popenda

2019

Fibers

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With the growing interest in hollow-core antiresonant fibers (HC-ARF), attributed to the development of their fabrication technology, the appearance of more sophisticated structures is understandable. One of the recently advancing concepts is that of dual hollow-core antiresonant fibers, which have the potential to be used as optical fiber couplers. In the following paper, a design of a dual hollow-core antiresonant fiber (DHC-ARF) acting as a polarization fiber coupler is presented. The structure is based on a highly birefringent hollow-core fiber design, which is proven to be a promising solution for the purpose of propagation of polarized signals. The design of an optimized DHC-ARF with asymmetrical cores is proposed, together with analysis of its essential coupling parameters, such as the extinction ratio, coupling length ratio, and coupling strength. The latter two for the x- and y-polarized signals were ~2 and 1, respectively, while the optical losses were below 0.3 dB/cm in the 1500–1700 nm transmission band.

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Section: Polarization-splitting Dhc-arf-analysis Of Several Geometricsupporting

confidence: 77%

A Dual Hollow Core Antiresonant Optical Fiber Coupler Based on a Highly Birefringent Structure-Numerical Design and Analysis

Stawska

Popenda

2019

Fibers

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“…It is important to note that already the most generic type of ARHCF geometry-the tube-type fiber (TTF, Figure 2) geometry-qualitatively shows all key features of an ARHCF, namely strong resonances imposed by the ARE-modes and a characteristic loss evolution within the transmission bands. This approximation was utilized by several authors [27][28][29][30] to simulate complex ARHCF structures on the basis of the properties of the TTF geometry. Recent experiments involving improved designs of RTFs indicate that these types of fibers show off-resonance losses as low as 7.7 dB/km within various spectral domains [31], making it highly attractive for numerous applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Dispersion of Revolver-Type Anti-Resonant Hollow Core Fibers

Zeisberger

Hartung

Schmidt

2018

Fibers

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Here, we analyze the dispersion behavior of revolver-type anti-resonant hollow core fibers, revealing that the chromatic dispersion of this type of fiber geometry is dominated by the resonances of the glass annuluses, whereas the actual arrangement of the anti-resonant microstructure has a minor impact. Based on these findings, we show that the dispersion behavior of the fundamental core mode can be approximated by that of a tube-type fiber, allowing us to derive analytic expressions for phase index, group-velocity dispersion and zero-dispersion wavelength. The resulting equations and simulations reveal that the emergence of zero group velocity dispersion in anti-resonant fibers is fundamentally associated with the adjacent annulus resonance which can be adjusted mainly via the glass thickness of the anti-resonant elements. Due to their generality and the straightforward applicability, our findings will find application in all fields addressing controlling and engineering of pulse dispersion in anti-resonant hollow core fibers.

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“…1(f, g), the core diameter of fiber b has decreased remarkably to 18 µm , while the glass wall thicknesses are 0.98 µm (t1), 0.7 µm (t2) and 0.84 µm (t3), respectively, with t2 being notably different from t1 and t3. As pointed out by the intuitive multi-layered model [33,34], the three glass walls in our CTF can be viewed as a series of cascaded Fabry-Pérot resonators. For the purpose of light guidance, they actually do not need to have the same AR order [35].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conquering the Rayleigh Scattering Limit of Silica Glass Fiber at Visible Wavelengths with a Hollow‐Core Fiber Approach

Gao

Ding

Hong

2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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The ultimate limit on fiber loss is set by the intrinsic Rayleigh scattering of silica glass material. Here, we challenge this limit in the visible region by using a hollow-core fiber approach. Two visible-guiding hollow-core conjoined-tube negativecurvature fibers are successfully fabricated and exhibit the overall losses of 3.8 dB/km at 680 nm and 4.9 dB/km at 558 nm respectively. The loss of the latter fiber surpasses the Rayleigh scattering limit of silica glass fiber in the green spectral region by 2 dB. Numerical simulation indicates that this loss level is still much higher than the fundamental surface scattering loss limit of hollow-core fiber.After over 40 years of technological refinement, the Rayleigh scattering loss (RSL), caused by microscopic density fluctuation frozen in bulk glass [1], has become the dominant loss constituent in state-of-the-art silica glass fiber (SGF) throughout most of its operating wavelength. The fact that the RSL is fundamentally insurmountable casts a shadow on future applications of optical fiber ranging from communications to sensing and laser. First, the most efficient light transmission window in a fiber is restricted near 1.55 μm wavelength with the minimum loss of ~ 0.14 dB/km [2] and the bandwidth of some tens of THz [3]. In order to send signals through long distance in a fiber, the carrier wavelength of light usually has to be converted to the telecom band [4], introducing great complexity in the design of long-haul optical fiber systems. Second, the λ −4 wavelength dependence of the RSL is against the trend of employing advanced fiber laser technology in versatile areas, for instance, biochemical imaging and materials-processing, toward shorter and shorter wavelengths for better resolution [5,6].Utilizing fluoride glass or multi-component oxide glass, which is characterized by lower glass transition temperature and thus lower density fluctuation, is expected to reduce the RSL by one order of magnitude, e.g., ~ 0.01 dB/km RSL in fluoride glass at 2.5 µm [7] and ~ 0.05 dB/km RSL in sodium silicate glass at 1.55 μm [8]. However, in realistic fiber drawing, significantly high extrinsic losses from impurity, crystallization, defect, etc, have not yet been overcome [7], leaving these soft glass fibers inferior to SGF in terms of propagation attenuation.Since their first demonstration [9], the possibility that hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers (HC-PBGFs) can bypass the RSL limit of SGF has been highlighted and eagerly anticipated. HC-PBGF fills its core with dry air whose RSL is more than 200 times lower than in silica glass [10].

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Confinement loss in hollow-core negative curvature fiber: A multi-layered model

Cited by 65 publications

References 58 publications

A Dual Hollow Core Antiresonant Optical Fiber Coupler Based on a Highly Birefringent Structure-Numerical Design and Analysis

A Dual Hollow Core Antiresonant Optical Fiber Coupler Based on a Highly Birefringent Structure-Numerical Design and Analysis

Understanding Dispersion of Revolver-Type Anti-Resonant Hollow Core Fibers

Conquering the Rayleigh Scattering Limit of Silica Glass Fiber at Visible Wavelengths with a Hollow‐Core Fiber Approach

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