Confirmation of <i>Echinococcus canadensis</i> G8 and G10 in Idaho Gray Wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>) and Cervids

Cerda, Jacey Roche; Ballweber, Lora R.

doi:10.7589/2017-05-119

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…granulosus sensu lato are infected with E . canadensis (following [ 30 , 71 , 72 ]), we refer to these infections as E . granulosus sensu lato when reporting fecal and apparent prevalence due to the five samples that could not be sequenced.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gray wolves and other canids are the definitive host for the cestodes identified, and specifically, E . canadensis is likely endemic in wolves in western North America [ 15 , 30 , 31 , 71 , 72 ]. Therefore, detection of this parasite also provides information about parasite infections in sympatric prey species, as well as the prey consumed by wolves in Yellowstone [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1005F was the only wolf where a previous infection was not detected in later sampling (E. granulosus sensu lato). While we suspect all wolves with detected E. granulosus sensu lato are infected with E. canadensis (following [30,71,72]), we refer to these infections as E. granulosus sensu lato when reporting fecal and apparent prevalence due to the five samples that could not be sequenced.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating noninvasive methods for estimating cestode prevalence in a wild carnivore population

et al. 2022

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Helminth infections are cryptic and can be difficult to study in wildlife species. Helminth research in wildlife hosts has historically required invasive animal handling and necropsy, while results from noninvasive parasite research, like scat analysis, may not be possible at the helminth species or individual host levels. To increase the utility of noninvasive sampling, individual hosts can be identified by applying molecular methods. This allows for longitudinal sampling of known hosts and can be paired with individual-level covariates. Here we evaluate a combination of methods and existing long-term monitoring data to identify patterns of cestode infections in gray wolves in Yellowstone National Park. Our goals were: (1) Identify the species and apparent prevalence of cestodes infecting Yellowstone wolves; (2) Assess the relationships between wolf biological and social characteristics and cestode infections; (3) Examine how wolf samples were affected by environmental conditions with respect to the success of individual genotyping. We collected over 200 wolf scats from 2018–2020 and conducted laboratory analyses including individual wolf genotyping, sex identification, cestode identification, and fecal glucocorticoid measurements. Wolf genotyping success rate was 45%, which was higher in the winter but decreased with higher precipitation and as more time elapsed between scat deposit and collection. One cestode species was detected in 28% of all fecal samples, and 38% of known individuals. The most common infection was Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (primarily E. canadensis). Adult wolves had 4x greater odds of having a cestode infection than pups, as well as wolves sampled in the winter. Our methods provide an alternative approach to estimate cestode prevalence and to linking parasites to known individuals in a wild host system, but may be most useful when employed in existing study systems and when field collections are designed to minimize the time between fecal deposition and collection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating noninvasive methods for estimating cestode prevalence in a wild carnivore population

et al. 2022

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“…genotypes G8 and G10, which are also referred to as E. canadensis. E. canadensis genotype G8 has been reported in humans [ 47 ] and genotypes G8 and G10 in dogs [ 48 ], wild canids [ 14 , 16 , 49 ] and wild cervids [ 50 , 51 ]. In humans, E. granulosus G1-G3 causes the majority (88.4%) of cystic echinococcosis globally, followed by the G6/G7 genotypes of E. canadensis cluster (11.1%) and E. ortleppi (0.4%) [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cystic echinococcosis in cattle and sheep caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto genotypes G1 and G3 in the USA

Jesudoss Chelladurai,

Quintana,

Johnson

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

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Background Endemic domestic dog-ruminant cycles and human cystic echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus have been sporadically reported in the United States. However, there is a paucity of molecular data describing the genotypes and haplotypes of this important cestode in domestic ruminant hosts. Methods Ninety-four cysts from the lungs and/or livers of slaughtered beef cattle (76 samples), dairy cows (five samples) and sheep (13 samples) were collected from abattoirs in four states of the USA. Samples were genotyped at two mitochondrial loci, cox1 and nad5. Sequences were used to determine species, genotypes and haplotypes using median joining networks and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. Cyst fertility was assessed in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Additionally, previously reported autochthonous E. granulosus infections in the USA in various hosts were mapped. Results Based on cox1 sequences obtained from 94 cysts, 89 (94.7%) were identified as E. granulosus G1/G3, while five (5.3%) were Taenia hydatigena. Taenia hydatigena were only isolated from sheep. Based on nad5 sequences obtained from 89 hydatid cysts, 96.6% and 3.4% belonged to E. granulosus sensu stricto genotypes G1 and G3 respectively. Two haplotypes were found among E. granulosus cox1 sequences, neither of which was geographically unique. Six haplotypes were found among nad5 sequences in genotype G1, of which five were novel, while one haplotype was found in genotype G3. In the concatenated cox1-nad5 dataset, seven haplotypes were identified, of which six were geographically unique. All cysts from cattle were non-fertile. Four cysts from sheep were fertile. Conclusions All genotyped samples belonged to E. granulosus s.s. This is the first study to our knowledge to confirm the presence of genotypes G1 and G3 in domestic cattle and sheep intermediate hosts in the USA and provide data for future diagnostic and epidemiological studies. Sequences have been deposited in GenBank (cox1 sequences: OR398494-OR398496, nad5 sequences: OR400695-OR400702). Graphical Abstract

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“…El análisis en profundidad de los estudios seleccionados, determinó la exclusión de 14 estudios. Finalmente, se consideraron 53 estudios para el análisis cualitativo 2,3,[8][9][10]12,13,15,17,19,[21][22][23][24][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][57][58][59][60][61][62][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] (Figura...…”

Section: Selección De Estudiosunclassified

Distribución espacial de los Genotipos de Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato por hospedero en el continente americano. Revisión sistemática

et al. 2022

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Spatial distribution of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes in the american continentBackground: Knowledge of the distribution cystic is required for its territorial control. Aim: To describe the spatial distribution of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes by host in the American continent. Material and Methods: A systematic review of studies from the American continent, related to genotypes of the E. granulosus s.l complex were included, including any host species, without restriction of language or year of publication. Sensitive searches were performed based on sensitive searches from PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS and WoS; SciELO and BIREME-BVS and Trip Database. MeSH and free terms were used, including articles up to December 2020. Cartography was carried out with the Arc Map 10® program, using a world geodetic system. Result variables sought were genotype, host, geographic location, year of publication, number of samples, genes used for genotyping. Results: From 1123 retrieved studies retrieved, 53 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The studies analyzed represent 3,397 samples from humans and animals. Thirty six percent of articles were published in the five-year period 2016-2020. Reports were mainly from Argentina (27.9%), Brazil (20.6%) and Chile (13.2%). The most reported genotypes globally were G1-G3 (47.3%), G7 (15.3%), G5 (14.6%) and G6 (13.3%). A predominance of G1-G3 and G6 genotypes was verified in South America, G8 and G10 in North America, and "epidemiological silence" in Central America and the Caribbean. Conclusions: Spatial analysis allows defining the relationship of territories and cases with their own characteristics, which can help to plan control interventions.

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Confirmation of Echinococcus canadensis G8 and G10 in Idaho Gray Wolves (Canis lupus) and Cervids

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Evaluating noninvasive methods for estimating cestode prevalence in a wild carnivore population

Evaluating noninvasive methods for estimating cestode prevalence in a wild carnivore population

Cystic echinococcosis in cattle and sheep caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto genotypes G1 and G3 in the USA

Distribución espacial de los Genotipos de Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato por hospedero en el continente americano. Revisión sistemática

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