Confirmation of synthetic cannabinoids in herb and blood by HS-SPME-GC/MS

Saito, Koichi; Kaneko, Satomi; Furuya, Yasubumi; Asada, Yosuke; Ito, Rie; Sugie, Ken-ichi; Akutsu, Mamoru; Yanagawa, Youichi

doi:10.1016/j.forc.2019.100156

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The extraction time for the AEO sample was set at 15 min to suppress the carryover. This “carryover” phenomenon was also mentioned by other articles [ 29 , 30 ]. As seen from Figure S3b,c , the maximum total peak area and peak number can be obtained at an extraction time of 30 min.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Effective Components and Molecular Mechanism of Agarwood Essential Oil Inhalation and the Sedative and Hypnotic Effects Based on GC-MS-Qtof and Molecular Docking

Wang

Gong

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Agarwood has been used for the administration of hypnotic therapy. Its aromatic scent induces a relaxed state. However, its aromatic constituents and the underlying molecular effect are still unclear. This study aims to determine the active substance and molecular mechanism of the hypnotic effect of agarwood essential oil (AEO) incense inhalation in insomniac mice. Insomnia models were induced by para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 300 mg/kg) in mice. The sleep-promoting effect was evaluated. Neurotransmitter levels and its receptor were detected to explore the molecular mechanism. The effective components were analyzed by GC-Q/TOF-MS of AEO. The binding mechanisms of the core compounds and core targets were verified by molecular docking. These results showed that AEO inhalation could significantly shorten sleep latency and prolong sleep time, inhibit autonomous activity and exert good sedative and sleep-promoting effects. A mechanistic study showed that AEO inhalation increased the levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA), the GABAA/glutamic acid (Glu) ratio, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and adenosine (AD), upregulated the expression levels of GluR1, VGluT1 and 5-HT1A and downregulated 5-HT2A levels. Component analysis showed that the most abundant medicinal compounds were eremophilanes, cadinanes and eudesmanes. Moreover, the docking results showed that the core components stably bind to various receptors. The study demonstrated the bioactive constituents and mechanisms of AEO in its sedative and hypnotic effects and its multicomponent, multitarget and multipathway treatment characteristics in PCPA-induced insomniac mice. These results provide theoretical evidence for insomnia treatment and pharmaceutical product development with AEO.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Effective Components and Molecular Mechanism of Agarwood Essential Oil Inhalation and the Sedative and Hypnotic Effects Based on GC-MS-Qtof and Molecular Docking

Wang

Gong

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“…Andrade et al. packed C18 particles in PEEK tube as the extraction column for extraction of Ochratoxin A [19]. Asiabi et al.…”

Section: Modes Of Spme Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This implication is of the utmost importance since this feature makes SPME an attractive tool for developing portable devices for on-field applications. The fiber containing sorbent can be exposed directly to the flowing blood, water, live plants, ambient air, and production stream [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: = (1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main obstacle of this mode is high back pressure that solvent cannot pass through high packing adsorbents. Andrade et al packed C18 particles in PEEK tube as the extraction column for extraction of Ochratoxin A [19]. Asiabi et al to overcome back pressure of packed column systems, used small beads of stainless steel which were coated by polypyrrole and placed into the stainless steel column [33].…”

Section: Sorbent Packingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of porous frameworks in solid‐phase microextraction

Khataei

Yamini

Shamsayei

2021

J of Separation Science

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Porous frameworks are a term of attracting solid materials assembled by interconnection of molecules and ions. These trendy materials due to high chemical and thermal stability, well-defined pore size and structure, and high effective surface area gained attention to employ as extraction phase in sample pretreatment methods before analytical analysis. Solid-phase microextraction is an important subclass of sample preparation technique that up to now different configurations of this method have been introduced to get adaptable with different environments and analytical instruments. In this review, theoretical aspect and different modes of solid-phase microextraction method are investigated. Different classes of porous frameworks and their applications as extraction phase in the proposed microextraction method are evaluated. Types and features of supporting substrates and coating procedures of porous frameworks on them are reviewed. At the end, the prospective and the challenges ahead in this field are discussed.

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“…Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) is one of the major extraction techniques in volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis. 1 This technique, introduced in 1990 by Janusz Pawliszyn, 1 is nowadays commonly applied on food, 2 environmental, 3 and biological samples 4 due to its operation simplicity, rapidity, environmentally friendly impact, and reusability of tools and equipment. 5 HS-SPME is based on the transfer of VOCs from the sample matrix to the headspace of a closed container in which the sample is introduced, followed by their absorption by a SPME fiber coating.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber–Sample Distance, An Important Parameter To Be Considered in Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Applications

Nzekoue¹,

Angeloni²,

Caprioli³

et al. 2020

Anal. Chem.

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To define and control the parameters which impact headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), it is important to reach the highest level of reproducibility. The present study aims to assess, for the first time, the effect of fiber–sample distance during HS-SPME in pre-equilibrium conditions. Analyses were primarily performed on mixtures of standard volatiles compounds (alkanes, alcohols, organic acids) designed in our lab and then on various food matrices (wine, chicken, cheese, tea), repeating already published experiments. Extractions were performed varying fiber penetration depths (10–60 mm) at different times (10–60 min) and temperatures of extraction (30–80 °C). The study revealed that variation of the distance between the fiber and the sample into the vial clearly impacts the results obtained during HS-SPME when conditions are such that no equilibrium is reached in HS. For example, in wine analysis, the percentage of octanoic acid at 80 °C was higher at 40 mm (7.5 ± 0.2%) than that at 20 mm (4.4 ± 0.3%). Moreover, regardless of the extraction temperature, the lower the time of extraction, the stronger the dependence on the fiber–sample distance. Indeed, at 60 °C, the obtained response factors for octadecane at 20 and 40 mm of fiber penetration were 21.8 and 44.5, respectively, after 10 min of extraction, 54.1 and 71.0 after 30 min, and 79.4 and 82.4 after 60 min of extraction. The analyses have been here corroborated by a theoretical model based on the diffusion equation. Therefore, to improve the method robustness during HS-SPME studies, we suggest specifying the fiber penetration depth or the fiber–sample distance with the other parameters of extraction.

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Confirmation of synthetic cannabinoids in herb and blood by HS-SPME-GC/MS

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Effective Components and Molecular Mechanism of Agarwood Essential Oil Inhalation and the Sedative and Hypnotic Effects Based on GC-MS-Qtof and Molecular Docking

Effective Components and Molecular Mechanism of Agarwood Essential Oil Inhalation and the Sedative and Hypnotic Effects Based on GC-MS-Qtof and Molecular Docking

Applications of porous frameworks in solid‐phase microextraction

Fiber–Sample Distance, An Important Parameter To Be Considered in Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Applications

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