Conflict analysis in environmental management

Abstract

A wide variety of formal conflict analysis models and their applications to environmental conflicts are examined and put into perspective. In particular, the history of game theoretic models for conflict as well as their use in mitigating or resolving environmental conflicts is studied. The models and problem types are categorized to allow for a better understanding of the contrasting areas of environmental conflict management. Finally, the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR) is applied to a generic conflict between developers and environmentalists to illustrate the usefulness of GMCR in environmental applications.

The Analysis of Environmental Conflict in Changzhou Foreign Language School Using a Hybrid Game

“…Analysis is the basic step in a conflict study [10] but the analysis is based on some stability and solution concepts. A solution concept or stability definition illustrates how players interact given the strategy of their opponent(s).…”

“…The Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR) approach to conflict analysis, as compared to other conflict models, requires only relative preference information that provides a more convenient and effective means to model and analyze a strategic conflict [9]. Game theoretic models are very useful for the analysis of environmental conflicts [10]. A game of complete information is being played if the decision makers, in a conflict, are aware of how their opponent(s) would perceive the conflicting situation [11].…”

Fuzzy Preferences in the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution

“…A wide variety of environmental disputes is taking place around the globe on an ongoing basis, including the continuing controversies surrounding the reduction of greenhouse gasses and the preservation of ecosystems (Hipel and Bernath Walker, 2010). The great sparrow campaign (also known as kill a sparrow campaign, and officially, the four pests campaign) between 1958 and 1960 in China is an example of an environmental disaster.…”

“…On the other hand, based on the level of responsibility to the environment and society, DEV may practice sustainable development (S) or unsustainable development (U). The model is presented in The Graph Model of the Sustainable Development conflict studied here is similar to the one investigated in (Hipel, 2002) and (Hipel and Bernath Walker, 2010), except that in this study, preference uncertainties between some states are considered for both ENV preference uncertainties into account, a typical fuzzy preference model for ENV and DEV is constructed, and is represented in Table 3.2 by matrices R ENV and R DEV . In particular, the number 0.75 in R ENV represents ENV's preference degree of being proactive over reactive when DEV practices sustainable development.…”

Evaluating Brownfield Redevelopment using an Modified Multilevel Grey Method - A Case Study of Xi’an

“…Among these methodologies, project evaluation methods can be especially valuable to decision makers and stakeholders. For example, a number of optimization models have been developed for evaluating resolutions to environmental problems, such as a linear programming (Lynn et al, 1962), dynamic programming (Evenson et al, 1969;Chia & Defilippi, 2009), nonlinear programming and conflict resolution models (Rossman, 1980;Hipel & Bernath, 2011). However, the inherent uncertainty and complexity of selecting the optimal resolution were rarely taken into account.…”