Conflict and sustainable development goals in Africa

Ayoyo, Damilohun D.; Oriola, Temitope B.

doi:10.4324/9781315228068-3

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“…In certain nations, 50% of the population lacks access to clean drinking water, which hurts their health 1 . The Sustainable Development Goals established new goals on access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene for all (WASH) by 2030 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing water quality surveillance: a comparative analysis of water testing Portable Microbiological Lab and the colilert Quanti-Tray 2000

Nancy,

Fred,

Daniel

2023

ajhs

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Background : Operational water quality surveillance dominates urban piped systems. Lack of it poses a serious risk to public health as the population is exposed to disease causing microorganisms; responsible for between four and six million cases of diarrhoea and more than 1,300 fatalities each day. Thus a need to determine the accuracy and reliability of the Portable Microbiology Lab (PML) for point sources of water, both protected and unpro tected. Metholdology : The study evaluated the field test method, PML Kit under different water source conditions by comparing it to a laboratory standard method Quanti Tray. This was executed by analyzing 27 water samples. Results : PML and Quanti Tray 2000 yielded matching risk level results for 26 samples. For the qualitative test of the 10mL and 100mL Colilert; 4 of the 27 samples' presence/absence tests were not congruent with each other. Thus error for a test with 10mL Colilert of PMLresulted in a percentage variation of 14.81%, a sensitivity of 82.6% and a specificity of 100%. The addition of Petrifilm to identify risk levels, the proportional reduction in error relative to water source designation, for improved water source; for moderate levels at 30.78%, low risk 30.78%, high/very high risk was at 7.69% with a statistically significant differenceχ 2 (2, n =13) = 30.78, d.f. =2, (p <0.0001). Conclusion : The Portable Microbiology Laboratory offers accurate and reliable water quality assessment in line with the WHO disease risk levels and serves as a basis for informed management and public health interventions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%