Conflict Styles as Indicators of Behavioral Patterns in Interpersonal Conflicts

We investigate how foreign aid dampens the effects of terrorism on FDI using interactive quantile regressions. The empirical evidence is based on 78 developing countries for the period 1984-2008. Bilateral and multilateral aid variables are used, while terrorism dynamics entail: domestic, unclear, transnational and total number of terrorist attacks. The main finding is that foreign aid cannot be used as a policy tool to effectively address a hypothetically negative effect of terrorism on FDI. The positive threshold we cannot establish is important for policy makers because it communicates a cut-off point at which foreign aid completely neutralizes the negative effect of terrorism on FDI. From the conditioning information set, we also establish for the most part that the effects of GDP growth, infrastructural development and trade openness are an increasing function of FDI. Policy implications are discussed.JEL Classification: C52; D74; F23; F35; O40

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“…Our study is also consistent with Akinwale (2010, p. 125) Black (1990), Thomas (1992), Borg (1992) and Volkema and Bergmann (1995).…”

Section: Literature Review and Theoretical Underpinningssupporting

confidence: 92%

Aid in Modulating the Impact of Terrorism on FDI: No Positive Thresholds, No Policy

Asongu

Efobi

Beecroft

2018

Forum for Social Economics

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“…The strategies are mostly drawn from: East Asia & the Pacific (Lee, 2013;Warr, 2013;Jomo & Wee, 2013;Thoburn, 2013;Khan, 2013); the emerging Asian giants of China & India (Yao, 2013;Singh, 2013;Santos-Paulino, 2013); Latin America & the Caribbean (De Mello, 2013;Solimano, 2013;Pozo et al, 2013;Trejos, 2013;Cardoso, 2013); the Middle East & North Africa (Looney, 2013;Nyarko, 2013b; Consistent with Akinwale (2010, p. 125 Volkema and Bergmann (1995), Black (1990), Borg (1992), and Thomas (1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Lifelong Learning in Political Stability and Non-Violence: Evidence from Africa

Asongu

Nwachukwu

2014

SSRN Journal

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Purpose -Education as a weapon in the fight against conflict and violence remains widely debated in policy and academic circles. Against the background of growing political instability in Africa and the central role of the knowledge economy in 21 st century development, this paper provides three contributions to existing literature. It assesses how political stability/ non-violence is linked to the incremental, synergy and lifelong learning effects of education.Design/methodology/approach -We define lifelong learning as the combined knowledge acquired during primary, secondary and tertiary education. Principal component analysis is used to reduce the dimensions of educational and political indicators. An endogeneity robust dynamic system Generalized Methods of Moments is used for the estimations.Findings -We establish three main findings. First, education is a useful weapon in the fight against political instability. Second, there is an incremental effect of education in the transition from secondary to tertiary schools. Third, lifelong learning also has positive and synergy effects. This means that the impact of lifelong learning is higher than the combined independent effects of various educational levels. The empirical evidence is based on 53 African countries for the period 1996-2010.Practical implications -A plethora of policy implications are discussed, inter alia: how the drive towards increasing the knowledge economy through lifelong learning can be an effective tool in the fight against violence and political insurgency in Africa.Originality/value -As the continent is nursing knowledge economy ambitions, the paper is original in investigating the determinants of political stability/non violence from three dimensions of education attainment: the incremental, the lifelong learning and a synergy effect.

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“…Volkema & Bergmann (2001) asserted, "Cultural influences could not and should not be dismissed or ignored when analyzing conflict styles, conflict instruments, and behavioral interpretation." Ting-Toomey & Kurogi (1998) suggest that a person learns conflict styles through the process of socialization.…”

Section: Conflict Culture and Religionmentioning

confidence: 99%