Confocal Analysis of Arabidopsis Root Cell Divisions in 3D: A Focus on the Endodermis

Campos, Roya; Norman, Jaimie M. Van

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1744-1_11

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These abnormal, oblique division planes resulted in new cell walls that often appeared periclinally oriented when viewed only in longitudinal optical sections. However, in 3D, as observed in a series of longitudinal and transverse optical sections (in confocal z-stacks (Campos and Van Norman, 2022)), key differences between true periclinal and these abnormal divisions become apparent. Periclinal endodermal divisions produce daughter cells of nearly equal size, whereas the abnormal divisions in irk-4 result in unequal sized daughter cells with the smaller, prism-shaped cell peripherally positioned.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Many Endodermal Cell Divisions In Irk-4 Are Abnormally Orientedmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…With the addition of radial askew divisions to the population of excess endodermal divisions in irk-4 , we conducted a detailed examination of pCYCD6;1:erGFP expression in irk and Wt roots grown on 0.2x MS, which aggravates irk root phenotypes (Campos and Van Norman, 2022; Goff et al, 2023). Similar to our previous report, pCYCD6;1 activity is substantially increased in the irk endodermis compared to Wt.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This oblique division plane orientation results in these divisions often appearing to be periclinally oriented when viewed only Rony et al, 2023_page 5 in the median longitudinal section. However, in a series of longitudinal and transverse sections (in confocal z-stacks (Campos and Van Norman, 2022)), the key differences between periclinal and these misoriented divisions is clear. Additionally, periclinal divisions bisect endodermal cells in half whereas the misoriented divisions divide endodermal cells at an angle resulting in smaller daughter cells that are somewhat prism shaped.…”

Section: Many Endodermal Cell Divisions In Irk-4 Are Abnormally Orientedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Z-stacks were acquired and analyzed with the orthogonal sectioning tool of the LASX software. The total number of endodermal divisions per root were counted from the QC to QC+120μm or 20 cells as previously described (Campos and Van Norman, 2022).…”

Section: Confocal Microscopy and Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radial askew endodermal cell divisions reveal IRK functions in division orientation

Rony

Campos

Norman

2023

Preprint

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Oriented cell divisions are required to produce different cell types and maintain tissue and organ patterning in plants; this is particularly true of the highly organized Arabidopsis root meristem. Because plant cells are encased by walls, the precise orientation of cell divisions is particularly important for cell fate specification and tissue/organ morphology. Mutant alleles of the transmembrane receptor kinase INFLORESCENCE AND ROOT APICES RECEPTOR KINASE (IRK) exhibit excess endodermal cell divisions, resulting in more cells in the radial axis of irk roots. IRK localizes to the outer polar domain of endodermal cells, which suggests polarized signal perception functions to repress endodermal cell proliferation. Here, we conducted a detailed examination of the excessirkcell divisions and identified a distinct cell division orientation defect. Many of the excess endodermal divisions inirk-4have outwardly skewed division planes, therefore we termed these radial askew divisions. An IRK truncation lacking the kinase domain retains polar localization and rescues these radial askew divisions, but exhibits excess periclinal divisions, phenocopying the weakerirk-1allele. These results expand IRKs function beyond repression of endodermal cell division activity showing a requirement for it in division plane orientation. Based on its polarity, we propose IRK influences endodermal cell division orientation by interfering with division plane selection, maintenance, and/or cell plate attachment at the outer lateral endodermal cell face.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Many Endodermal Cell Divisions In Irk-4 Are Abnormally Orientedmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Many Endodermal Cell Divisions In Irk-4 Are Abnormally Orientedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Confocal Microscopy and Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radial askew endodermal cell divisions reveal IRK functions in division orientation

Rony

Campos

Norman

2023

Preprint

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Outward askew endodermal cell divisions reveal INFLORESCENCE AND ROOT APICES RECEPTOR KINASE functions in division orientation

Rony,

Campos,

Pérez-Henríquez

et al. 2024

Plant Physiology

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Oriented cell divisions establish plant tissue and organ patterning and produce different cell types; this is particularly true of the highly organized Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root meristem. Mutant alleles of INFLORESCENCE AND ROOT APICES RECEPTOR KINASE (IRK) exhibit excess cell divisions in the root endodermis. IRK is a transmembrane receptor kinase that localizes to the outer polar domain of these cells, suggesting that directional signal perception is necessary to repress endodermal cell division. Here, a detailed examination revealed many of the excess endodermal divisions in irk have division planes that specifically skew towards the outer lateral side. Therefore, we termed them ‘outward askew’ divisions. Expression of an IRK truncation lacking the kinase domain retains polar localization and prevents outward askew divisions in irk; however, the roots exhibit excess periclinal endodermal divisions. Using cell identity markers, we show that the daughters of outward askew divisions transition from endodermal to cortical identity similar to those of periclinal divisions. These results extend the requirement for IRK beyond repression of cell division activity to include cell division plane positioning. Based on its polarity, we propose that IRK at the outer lateral endodermal cell face participates in division plane positioning to ensure normal root ground tissue patterning.

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Confocal Analysis of Arabidopsis Root Cell Divisions in 3D: A Focus on the Endodermis

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Radial askew endodermal cell divisions reveal IRK functions in division orientation

Radial askew endodermal cell divisions reveal IRK functions in division orientation

Outward askew endodermal cell divisions reveal INFLORESCENCE AND ROOT APICES RECEPTOR KINASE functions in division orientation

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