Confocal and fluorescence microscopic study using lectins of the distribution of cortical granules during the maturation and fertilization of pig oocytes

Yoshida, Mitsutoshi; Cran, D. G.; Pursel, V. G.

doi:10.1002/mrd.1080360409

Cited by 86 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The texture of fibril bundles did not change during maturation, all the more if the latter was incomplete in vitro, as we found it identical after ovulation. The formation of the ZP is probably achieved at the final stage of oocyte growth [32] and it is readily penetrable by sperm in germinal vesicle oocytes [33]. Although alterations in ZP thickness have been reported after ovulation [20], our results show that, if true, they do not affect the fasciculated configuration.…”

Section: Texturecontrasting

confidence: 47%

Texture of the zona pellucida of the mature pig oocyte. The mammalian egg envelope revisited

et al. 2004

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-The zona pellucida (ZP) of mature pig oocytes is believed to consist of a dense filamentous meshwork, less compact on the inner and outer faces. The uneven surface of the ZP is made of unordered and stretched fibrils surrounding deep funnels which are the openings of the radial canaliculi. The topography of the ZP surface may contribute to the initial interplay between male and female gametes. Using cytochemical techniques for transmission electron microscopy (TEM), such as tannic acid and ruthenium red treatments, we found that the ZP of pig oocytes was essentially made of bundles of fibrils distributed in concentric layers (except in the innermost and outer parts). A correlation appears between the dense structure of the core layer of the ZP and its texture: it is constituted of superposed layers of fibril bundles, whereas only a random meshwork is found in a very thin innermost and in the outer layer. The fascicular configuration may control the permeability of the ZP, giving its semi-rigidity and elasticity, and may facilitate sperm penetration. The liquid crystal-like design of the core layer of the ZP is similar to textures found in the the vitelline envelope (zona radiata) of other vertebrates and possibly of all the deuterostomes. Such texture is probably related to the unique ZP protein composition and to a coordinated synthesis. vitelline envelope / ultrastructural cytochemistry / glycoproteins / liquid crystal-like texture / Sus scrofa Abbreviations PVS: perivitelline space; SEM: scanning electron microscopy; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; ZP: zona pellucida.

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Section: Texturecontrasting

confidence: 47%

Texture of the zona pellucida of the mature pig oocyte. The mammalian egg envelope revisited

et al. 2004

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“…Oocytes treated with a NO-donor did not exhibit the exocytosis of cortical granules. The sperm penetration is followed by the exocytosis of cortical granules within 6 hours (Yoshida et al, 1993). After parthenogenetic activation, the exocytosis of cortical granules was weaker than after the sperm penetration (Wang et al, 1998b), but many types of artificial activating stimuli are able to induce the exocytosis of cortical granules (Sun et al, 1992;Machatý et al, 1996Machatý et al, , 1997Okada et al, 2003).…”

Section: Does Nitric Oxide Activate Mammalian Oocytes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of nitric oxide in parthenogenetic activation of pig oocytes: A review

Petr¹,

Eva²,

Tůmová³

et al. 2007

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Parthenogenetic activation of mammalian oocytes with artificial stimuli is commonly applied in various reproductive biotechniques, e.g. cloning using nuclear transfer. For this reason, many studies focus on oocyte activation in vitro. Recently we have described the activation of pig oocytes using nitric oxide. This activating stimulus is very specific in many aspects. However, it does not provide an adequate stimulus for parthenogenetic development. It was shown that nitric oxide stimulated some signalling pathways which are inactive in conventional treatments for parthenogenetic activation, e.g. the cGMP-dependent signalling cascade. On the other hand, nitric oxide does not stimulate certain signalling pathways involved in oocyte activation after calcium ionophore, e.g. the PKC signalling cascade. The aim of this review is to characterize the complex processes induced in oocytes after treatment with nitric oxide. Perspectives for further research and the application of nitric oxide for parthenogenetic activation of oocytes are outlined.

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“…Fluorescent lectins have been used recently to localize specific sugars microscopically in mammalian CG and to demonstrate the appearance of glycosylated material (presumably of CG origin) on the oolemma and within the PVS following the cortical reaction (Gordon et al, 1975;Cherr et al, 1988;Ducibella et al, 1988Ducibella et al, , 1990Ducibella et al, , 1994Lee et al, 1988;Tam et al, 1990;Byers et al, 1992;Hoodbhoy and Talbot, 1993a, b;Yoshida et al, 1993). Lectins used in fluorescence microscopy studies are either conjugated directly to a fluorochrome, such as fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), or are biotinylated and are demonstrated by the addition of a streptavidin conjugated fluorochrome.…”

Section: T Hoodbhoy and P Talbotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammalian cortical granules: Contents, fate, and function

Hoodbhoy

Talbot

1994

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Recent studies have extended our knowledge regarding the contents of mammalian cortical granules (CG) and their function in postfertilization events. Cytochemical staining has demonstrated the presence of carbohydrates within mammalian CG, and lectin-binding studies have shown that these carbohydrates include a-Dmannose, a-D-GalNAc, and galactose residues in the hamster, a-D-mannose in the mouse and cat, and P-D-Gal(l,3)-D-GalNAc in the pig. Following fertilization and artificial activation, mannosylated material is released from CG and can be found on the oolemma and within the perivitelline space (PVS) of hamster oocytes. Fertilized or artificially activated rabbit, mouse, and human oocytes also release mannosylated, fucosylated and sialylated, and fucosylated material, respectively, which localizes to the oolemma. These glycosylated materials are probably of CG origin, although they have not been directly localized to the CG in rabbit, mice, and humans. The function(s) of the glycosylated material released from mammalian oocytes is not known, although it may participate in blocking polyspermy at the level of the plasma membrane, PVS, and/or zona pellucida (ZP), or it may facilitate preimplantation embryonic development. Proteinases, including tissue plasminogen activator, are also released from mammalian oocytes following fertilization and artificial activation, suggesting that they are of CG origin. These proteinases modify the ZP such that it is no longer receptive to sperm, and some proteinases have been suggested to bring about ZP hardening (an increased resistance to denaturing agents) by an unknown mechanism. Mouse ZP may also be hardened by an ovoperoxidase (cross-links tyrosine residues) cytochemically identified in mouse CG and CG exudate. The phenomena of ZP hardening in mammalian zygotes is not well understood but is likely to function in blocking polyspermic penetration of the ZP and/or in protecting embryos during preirnplantation development. Recently, a 75 kD protein (p75) has been immunocytochemically localized to mouse CG and to the PVS of fertilized oocytes and two-cell embryos. The identity and function of p75 remains to be determined. Heparin binding placental protein may also be a CG component, since it is released from hamster oocytes following fertilization. It has not, however, been directly demonstrated to be a CG component, and its functions in 0 1994 WILEY-LISS, INC.fertilization and/or early embryonic development have yet to be defined. 0 1994 Wlley-Llss, Inc.

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Confocal and fluorescence microscopic study using lectins of the distribution of cortical granules during the maturation and fertilization of pig oocytes

Cited by 86 publications

References 33 publications

Texture of the zona pellucida of the mature pig oocyte. The mammalian egg envelope revisited

Texture of the zona pellucida of the mature pig oocyte. The mammalian egg envelope revisited

The role of nitric oxide in parthenogenetic activation of pig oocytes: A review

Mammalian cortical granules: Contents, fate, and function

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