Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy for Detection of Schistosoma mansoni Eggs in the Gut of Mice

Holtfreter, Martha C.; Stachs, Oliver; Reichard, Maria; Loebermann, Micha; Guthoff, Rudolf; Reisinger, Emil C.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018799

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These results indicated that PZQ is lethal to immature and mature eggs as it caused impairment of egg production which may be due to degenerative changes of the reproductive organs of female worms confirmed by many investigators. (Sarvel AK et al 2006, Conceiço MJ et al 2008, Holtfreter MC et al 2011) NTZ resulted in significant reduction in immature eggs, but not more than 18.5% compared to non-treated control. It could rise the percentage of dead eggs to 30.5% and mature eggs to 51% at different intervals of follow up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Comparative parasitological and electron microscopic studies on the effects of Nitazoxanide and Praziquantel in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice

El-Taweel¹,

El-Sayad²,

Helw³

et al. 2016

IJPT

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This study was designed to evaluate antischistosomal activity of Nitazoxanide (NTZ) in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice compared to Praziquantel (PZQ). Fifty four infected mice were recruited into 3 groups, each of 18 mice. Group 1 was infected non-treated control. Group 2 was infected and then treated with PZQ 500 mg for two days, and group 3 was infected and treated with NTZ 100 mg/kg for seven days. Efficacy of drugs was assessed by Parasitological, and scanning electron microscopic studies. PZQ reduced (4.9%, 22.5% and 50.7%) of faecal eggs, (22%, 22.6% and 55.1%) of intestinal eggs, (20.4%, 44.3% and 46.7%) of hepatic egg counts and (27%, 45.1% and 64.9%) of total worm load whereas, NTZ reduced (4.9%, 22.5% and 50.7%),of faecal eggs, (22%, 22.6% and 55.1%) of intestinal eggs ,(20.4%, 44.3% and 46.7%) of hepatic egg counts and (27%, 45.1% and 64.9%) of total worm load at 1, 2 and 4 WPT, respectively. The percentages of dead eggs were more than 80% after PZQ treatment and only 30% after NTZ at 4 WPT. PZQ showed extensive tegumental damages in male and female worms more than NTZ at 2 WPT. Our findings concluded that Nitazoxanide showed weaker antischistosomal activity in animal models than praziquantel.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Comparative parasitological and electron microscopic studies on the effects of Nitazoxanide and Praziquantel in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice

El-Taweel¹,

El-Sayad²,

Helw³

et al. 2016

IJPT

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“…Microscopic examination of parasite eggs has been the gold standard for the diagnosis of most parasitic diseases, and ancylostomiasis has been no exception . However, a study by Walana et al showed that the positive rate for parasite eggs was only 0.3%; this positive rate is hyperbolically low compared to 47 147 patients with intestinal parasite infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our research results, NLR, PLR, and EOS were significantly correlated in patients group; therefore, the clinical values of the two inflammatory markers (NLR and PLR) were investigated. More importantly, PLR performed with good identification of ancylostomiasis, which was comparable to or even beyond that of EOS.Microscopic examination of parasite eggs has been the gold standard for the diagnosis of most parasitic diseases, and ancylostomiasis has been no exception 22,23. However, a study by Walana et al24 showed that the positive rate for parasite eggs was only 0.3%; this positive rate is hyperbolically low compared to 47 147 patients with intestinal parasite infection.…”

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confidence: 82%

Correlation between hematological parameters and ancylostomiasis: A retrospective study

Huang

Chen

et al. 2018

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Objective Our aim intended to determine the relationship between hematological parameters (neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio [NLR], platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio [PLR], and eosinophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio [ELR]) and ancylostomiasis. Methods There were 140 patients with ancylostomiasis and 159 healthy controls enrolled in this study. All data were collected from electronic medical records of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. Results The levels of NLR, PLR, and ELR in ancylostomiasis patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls (all P = 0.000). A receiver operating characteristic curve was generated to assess the diagnostic efficacy of these three hematological parameters. ELR (AUC = 0.850; sensitivity = 75.00%; specificity = 86.80%) showed the superior AUC than those of NLR (AUC = 0.718; sensitivity = 53.57%; specificity = 88.68%) and PLR (AUC = 0.806; sensitivity = 68.57%; specificity = 86.79%), respectively. A multivariate regression model using the two selected indices (RBC and ELR) was established with the model's sensitivity and specificity reached 82.86% and 96.23%, respectively. In the ancylostomiasis patient group, NLR (r = −0.452, P = 0.000) and PLR (r = −0.357, P = 0.000) were reversely associated with eosinophils. Conclusion The pretreatment levels of the three hematological parameters (NLR, PLR, and ELR) may serve as valuable indicators for distinguishing patients with ancylostomiasis from healthy controls. NLR and PLR are negatively associated with the previous indicator, eosinophils.

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“…Morphological studies to assess changes in the reproductive system (Shaw and Erasmus, 1988;Neves et al, 2004) of adult worms are ongoing. Interestingly, morphological studies through scanning confocal laser microscopy for determination of egg viability (Holtfreter et al, 2011) and functional criteria such as labeling the eggs with the Hoechst 33258 fluorescent probe (Sarvel et al, 2006) and intestine histopathology (Conceição et al, 2008) can provide important information regarding this issue. Our findings indicate that the wild isolate from N. squamipes is susceptible to praziquantel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of a Brazilian wild rodent isolate of Schistosoma mansoni to praziquantel in mice

Costa-Silva

Barros

Garcia

et al. 2012

Experimental Parasitology

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The therapeutic effects of praziquantel (PZQ) against a Schistosoma mansoni isolate derived from Nectomys squamipes (isolate R) and a susceptible isolate (BH) were analyzed in Swiss mice by fecal egg counting, adult worm reduction and oogram pattern. Infected mice were orally administrated with 62.5mg/kg (group 1), 125mg/kg (group 2), 250mg/kg (group 3) and 500mg/kg (group 4), each dose divided over 3 days (49, 50 and 51 days after infection). The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In regard to isolate R, no fecal eggs were observed with 250 mg/Kg and 500 mg/kg (p<0.05), whereas BH excretion reached zero with all doses. Mean worm burden reduction was significantly (p<0.05) higher at the two highest concentrations, regardless of isolate. At 62.5mg/kg, the percentage of immature eggs varied from 17% (isolate R) to 38% (isolate BH). At 125 mg/kg, the percentage of immature eggs varied from 20% (isolate R) to 16% (isolate BH). At 250 mg/kg, immature eggs dropped significantly to 1% (isolate R) and 4% (isolate BH). At 500 mg/kg, no immature eggs were found in isolate R, whereas in BH was 8%. No dosage significantly (p>0.05) affected the percentage of mature eggs, regardless of isolate. There was a large increase (p<0.001) in the percentages of dead eggs in all treated groups of 62% and 64% in groups 3 and 4, respectively (isolate R). The percentage of dead eggs rose from 34% (group 1) to 58% (group 3) in isolate BH. Although group 4 showed lowest increase in the percentage of dead eggs (46%), it was higher (p<0.001) compared to the 8% in the control. Our findings indicate that the wild isolate from N. squamipes is susceptible to PZQ.

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Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy for Detection of Schistosoma mansoni Eggs in the Gut of Mice

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Comparative parasitological and electron microscopic studies on the effects of Nitazoxanide and Praziquantel in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice

Comparative parasitological and electron microscopic studies on the effects of Nitazoxanide and Praziquantel in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice

Correlation between hematological parameters and ancylostomiasis: A retrospective study

Susceptibility of a Brazilian wild rodent isolate of Schistosoma mansoni to praziquantel in mice

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