Confocal Microscopy

Naredi‐Rainer, Nikolaus; Prescher, Jens; Hartschuh, Achim; Lamb, Don C.

doi:10.1002/9783527671595.ch5

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…To include the diffraction-limited laser excitation focus, we spatially convolute eqs and with the point spread function of the microscope setup which we approximate using a Gaussian line-shape function with a width [full width at half-maximum (fwhm)] of 230 nm. For the detection, we repeat this, using an fwhm of 300 nm accounting for the longer emission wavelength.…”

Section: Results and Discussion I: Unrestricted Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grain Boundaries Act as Solid Walls for Charge Carrier Diffusion in Large Crystal MAPI Thin Films

Ciesielski

Schäfer

Hartmann

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Micro- and nanocrystalline methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI)-based thin-film solar cells today reach power conversion efficiencies of over 20%. We investigate the impact of grain boundaries on charge carrier transport in large crystal MAPI thin films using time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) microscopy and numerical model calculations. Crystal sizes in the range of several tens of micrometers allow for the spatially and time resolved study of boundary effects. Whereas long-ranged diffusive charge carrier transport is observed within single crystals, no detectable diffusive transport occurs across grain boundaries. The observed PL transients are found to crucially depend on the microscopic geometry of the crystal and the point of observation. In particular, spatially restricted diffusion of charge carriers leads to slower PL decay near crystal edges as compared to the crystal center. In contrast to many reports in the literature, our experimental results show no quenching or additional loss channels due to grain boundaries for the studied material, which thus do not negatively affect the performance of the derived thin-film devices.

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Section: Results and Discussion I: Unrestricted Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with the point spread function of the microscope setup34 which we approximate using a Gaussian line-shape function with a width (FWHM) of 230 nm. For the detection, we repeat this, using a FWHM of 300 nm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain Boundaries Act as Solid Walls for Charge Carrier Diffusion in Large Crystal MAPI Thin Films

Ciesielski

Schäfer

Hartmann

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The thickness of the optical section for this microscope setup was calculated to be 0.5649 µm by considering the full width at half maximum of the point spread function along the axial direction according to Naredi-Rainer et al. (2013) ,…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where n is the refractive index for the immersion oil used (1.51), NA is the numerical aperture of the lens (1.49), and PH is the diameter of the pinhole as it appears in object space (0.4550 µm using a spinning disk with pinhole diameters of 50 µm; Naredi-Rainer et al. , 2013 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orchestrating nonmuscle myosin II filament assembly at the onset of cytokinesis

Najafabadi

Leaver

Grill

2022

MBoC

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Contractile forces in the actomyosin cortex are required for cellular morphogenesis. This includes the invagination of the cell membrane during division, where filaments of non-muscle myosin II (NMII) are responsible for generating contractile forces in the cortex. However, how NMII heterohexamers form filaments in vivo is not well understood. To quantify NMII filament assembly dynamics, we imaged the cortex of C. elegans embryos at high spatial resolution around the time of the first division. We show that during the assembly of the cytokinetic ring, both the number of NMII filaments in the cortex increases and more NMII motors are assembled into each filament. These dynamics are influenced by two proteins in the RhoA GTPase pathway, the RhoA dependent kinase LET-502 and the myosin phosphatase MEL-11. We find that these two proteins differentially regulate NMII activity at the anterior and at the division site. We show that the coordinated action of these regulators generates a gradient of free NMII in the cytoplasm driving a net diffusive flux of NMII motors towards the cytokinetic ring. Our work highlights how NMII filament assembly and disassembly dynamics are orchestrated over space and time to facilitate the up-regulation of cortical contractility during cytokinesis. [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text]

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“…The basic principle of confocal microscopy is to use point illumination and a pinhole before the detector to eliminate the out-of-focus signals. For details regarding confocal microscopy, we refer the readers to ref 383. The excitation pinhole and the detection pinhole are both mounted in image planes of the microscope, thus "con-focal".…”

Section: Confocal Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Virus Tracking: From Imaging Methodologies to Virological Applications

et al. 2020

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Uncovering the mechanisms of virus infection and assembly is crucial for preventing the spread of viruses and treating viral disease. The technique of single-virus tracking (SVT), also known as single-virus tracing, allows one to follow individual viruses at different parts of their life cycle and thereby provides dynamic insights into fundamental processes of viruses occurring in live cells. SVT is typically based on fluorescence imaging and reveals insights into previously unreported infection mechanisms. In this review article, we provide the readers a broad overview of the SVT technique. We first summarize recent advances in SVT, from the choice of fluorescent labels and labeling strategies to imaging implementation and analytical methodologies. We then describe representative applications in detail to elucidate how SVT serves as a valuable tool in virological research. Finally, we present our perspectives regarding the future possibilities and challenges of SVT. CONTENTS a Maximum excitation wavelength. b Maximum emission wavelength. c Extinction coefficient. d Fluorescence quantum yield. e The relative brightness values were calculated from the product of the molar extinction coefficient and quantum yield, divided by the value for EGFP. f Not determined.

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Confocal Microscopy

Cited by 8 publications

References 58 publications

Grain Boundaries Act as Solid Walls for Charge Carrier Diffusion in Large Crystal MAPI Thin Films

Grain Boundaries Act as Solid Walls for Charge Carrier Diffusion in Large Crystal MAPI Thin Films

Orchestrating nonmuscle myosin II filament assembly at the onset of cytokinesis

Single-Virus Tracking: From Imaging Methodologies to Virological Applications

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