Conformal Quad-Port UWB MIMO Antenna for Body-Worn Applications

Govindan, Thennarasi; Palaniswamy, Sandeep Kumar; Kanagasabai, Malathi; Kumar, Sachin; Rao, T. Rama; Alsath, M. Gulam Nabi

doi:10.1155/2021/9409785

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The proposed integrated antenna in the BLE sensor is fabricated and tested with an outstanding performance in terms of bandwidth, gain, efficiency, and SAR. As we can see from the table, [9,24] and this work have the highest efficiency and smallest SAR compared to the related works. However, our antenna gain is higher than the wearable antenna in [9,24] while antenna efficiency in [24] is higher but its bandwidth is narrower than this work.…”

Section: Integrated Antenna Inmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…As we can see from the table, [9,24] and this work have the highest efficiency and smallest SAR compared to the related works. However, our antenna gain is higher than the wearable antenna in [9,24] while antenna efficiency in [24] is higher but its bandwidth is narrower than this work. Although antenna [9] efficiency is higher than this integrated antenna, efficiency of [9] will be reduced when it is integrated and tested into circuit.…”

Section: Integrated Antenna Inmentioning

confidence: 70%

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Wearable BLE Wireless Sensor Based on U-Shaped EBG Monopole Antenna

Trần

Nguyen

2022

Journal of Sensors

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In this paper, a compact wearable U-shaped monopole antenna operating at 2.4 GHz frequency band is proposed for Medical Body Area Network applications. The antenna has a compact size of 0.37 λ × 0.31 λ , covering a band from 2.14 GHz to 3.03 GHz with a gain of 2.3 dBi at 2.45 GHz, and an efficiency of 93% in free space. In addition, an Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) metamaterial is utilized to isolate the integrated antenna on the circuit and the body, reducing the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). In consequence, an integrated circuit employing the EBG ground plane provides a safe value of SAR (0.68 W/kg) when it is attached to a human arm followed by a 74% reduction of SAR value compared to the circuit without EBG (2.57 W/kg). Furthermore, the on-body efficiency of the EBG-based antenna is improved from 54% to 73.68%. Finally, experimental results of a wearable heart rate and blood oxygen level BLE sensor based on the proposed U-shaped EBG monopole antenna exhibit an average power consumption of 108 mW, a sensitivity of -74 dBm, and a maximum Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) transmission distance with a mobile phone of 16 m in the complex environment.

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Section: Integrated Antenna Inmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Integrated Antenna Inmentioning

confidence: 70%

Wearable BLE Wireless Sensor Based on U-Shaped EBG Monopole Antenna

Trần

Nguyen

2022

Journal of Sensors

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“…The power handling capacity and ultra-wideband characteristics of MIMO antennas are further improved by adding DGS [21][22][23]. The two-radiating MIMO structure is stretched to an imposing four-element MIMO radiating structure by folding the arrays towards the antenna front side [24][25].…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Defected Ground Structure Multiple Input-Output Antenna For Wireless Applications

Sridhar¹,

Patteeswaran²

2023

Computer Systems Science and Engineering

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In this paper, the investigation of a novel compact 2 × 2, 2 × 1, and 1 × 1 Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) based Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) is employed. The proposed Electromagnetic Radiation Structures (ERS) is composed of multiple radiating elements. These MIMO antennas are designed and analyzed with and without DGS. The feeding is introduced by a microstrip-fed line to significantly moderate the radiating structure's overall size, which is 60 × 40 × 1 mm. The high directivity and divergence characteristics are attained by introducing the microstripfed lines perpendicular to each other. And the projected MIMO antenna structures are compared with others by using parameters like Return Loss (RL), Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), Radiation Pattern (RP), radiation efficiency, and directivity. The same MIMO set-up is redesigned with DGS, and the resultant parameters are compared. Finally, the Multiple Input and Multiple Output Radiating Structures with and without DGS are compared for result considerations like RL, VSWR, RP, radiation efficiency, and directivity. This projected antenna displays an omnidirectional RP with moderate gain, which is highly recommended for human healthcare applications. By introducing the defected ground structure in bottom layer the lower cut-off frequencies of 2.3, 4.5 and 6.0 GHz are achieved with few biological effects on radio propagation in human body communications. The proposed design covers numerous well-known wireless standards, along with dual-function DGS slots, and it can be easily integrated into Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) in medical applications. This WBAN links the autonomous nodes that may be situated either in the clothes, on-body or beneath the skin of a person. This system typically advances the complete human body and the inter-connected nodes through a wireless communication channel.

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“…The antenna exhibited stable radiation characteristics and isolation when put on a human body. Govindan T. et al [ 74 ] proposed a rectangular monopole antenna with a DGS, as shown in Figure 14 a. To enhance impedance matching, rectangular slots are cut on either side of the radiator, and U-shaped slots are added to the ground layer.…”

Section: Flexible Uwb Mimo Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible UWB and MIMO Antennas for Wireless Body Area Network: A Review

Jhunjhunwala

Ali

Kumar

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in the field of wireless communication for designing a monitoring system to observe the activity of the human body remotely. With the use of wireless body area networks (WBAN), chronic health and physical activity may be tracked without interfering with routine lifestyle. This crucial real-time data transmission requires low power, high speed, and broader bandwidth communication. Ultrawideband (UWB) technology has been explored for short-range and high-speed applications to cater to these demands over the last decades. The antenna is a crucial component of the WBAN system, which lowers the overall system’s performance. The human body’s morphology necessitates a flexible antenna. In this article, we comprehensively survey the relevant flexible materials and their qualities utilized to develop the flexible antenna. Further, we retrospectively investigate the design issues and the strategies employed in designing the flexible UWB antenna, such as incorporating the modified ground layer, including the parasitic elements, coplanar waveguide, metamaterial loading, etc. To improve isolation and channel capacity in WBAN applications, the most recent decoupling structures proven in UWB MIMO technology are presented.

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Conformal Quad-Port UWB MIMO Antenna for Body-Worn Applications

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Wearable BLE Wireless Sensor Based on U-Shaped EBG Monopole Antenna

Wearable BLE Wireless Sensor Based on U-Shaped EBG Monopole Antenna

Defected Ground Structure Multiple Input-Output Antenna For Wireless Applications

Flexible UWB and MIMO Antennas for Wireless Body Area Network: A Review

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