Conformation and mobility of the arabinan and galactan side-chains of pectin

Ha, Marie-Ann; Viëtor, R.J.; Jardine, Gordon D.; Apperley, David C.; Jarvis, Michael C.

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.06.001

Cited by 76 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…CP contains a backbone of partially methyl esterified a-(1e4) linked galacturonosyl residues with occasional rhamnose insertions to which may be attached neutral galactan and/or oligosaccharide side chains. The neutral sugar side chains (especially arabinan) have mobile properties in solution, which may limit the association of the main chain with polyphenols (Ha, Vi€ etor, Jardine, Apperley, & Jarvis, 2005). As a result, the presence of less sugar branches on the polysaccharide backbone could allow a linear structure to more easily bind/stack with polyphenols (Ha et al, 2005;Watrelot, Le Bourvellec, Imberty, & Renard, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The neutral sugar side chains (especially arabinan) have mobile properties in solution, which may limit the association of the main chain with polyphenols (Ha, Vi€ etor, Jardine, Apperley, & Jarvis, 2005). As a result, the presence of less sugar branches on the polysaccharide backbone could allow a linear structure to more easily bind/stack with polyphenols (Ha et al, 2005;Watrelot, Le Bourvellec, Imberty, & Renard, 2014). Therefore, OBG is proposed to more likely bind with tea polyphenols than WAX (which contains only monosaccharide branches), which in turn is more likely to bind than CP (which contains longer branches and a charged backbone both of which would limit binding), and thus showed the largest reducing effect on the binding of tea polyphenols with PPA due to the competitive mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soluble polysaccharides reduce binding and inhibitory activity of tea polyphenols against porcine pancreatic α-amylase

2018

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Mixed linkage b-glucan Kinetics of inhibition Fluorescence quenching a b s t r a c tThe effects of three soluble polysaccharides on the inhibitory activity of tea polyphenols against porcine pancreatic a-amylase (PPA) were studied through PPA inhibition, half inhibition concentration (IC 50 ), inhibition kinetics and fluorescence quenching. The results show that citrus pectin, wheat arabinoxylan and oat b-glucan could each increase the IC 50 values and competitive inhibition constants (K ic ), and decrease the fluorescence quenching constants (K FQ ) of tea polyphenols interacting with PPA. The data show a competitive interaction equilibrium among polysaccharides, polyphenols and PPA. For individual polyphenols, there were negative linear correlations between both the values of 1/K ic and K FQ and that of IC 50 with and without polysaccharides, indicating that the decreased inhibitory activity of polyphenols induced by the polysaccharides was caused by the reduced binding of polyphenols with PPA. Additionally, the slopes of the linear relationship between IC 50 and K ic and that between K FQ and 1/K ic remained stable with and without polysaccharides, suggesting that these constants may be combined to characterize the effects of soluble polysaccharides on the PPA inhibition by polyphenols.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble polysaccharides reduce binding and inhibitory activity of tea polyphenols against porcine pancreatic α-amylase

2018

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“…The specific function of b-1,4-galactan in primary walls is poorly understood. b-1,4-Galactan has been implicated in cell elongation (McCartney et al, 2003) and has been demonstrated to be a water retaining viscoelastic component with a likely role in modulating the mechanical properties of cell walls (Tang et al, 1999;McCartney et al, 2000;Ha et al, 2005). However, potato tubers with reduced galactan content did not show any growth or developmental phenotype (Oxenboll Sørensen et al, 2000;Martín et al, 2005;Ulvskov et al, 2005), although the galactan deficient potato tubers were found to be slightly more brittle, indicating that galactan may play a role in transmitting stresses to cellulose microfibrils (Ulvskov et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pectin Biosynthesis: GALS1 in Arabidopsis thaliana Is a β-1,4-Galactan β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase

et al. 2012

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b-1,4-Galactans are abundant polysaccharides in plant cell walls, which are generally found as side chains of rhamnogalacturonan I. Rhamnogalacturonan I is a major component of pectin with a backbone of alternating rhamnose and galacturonic acid residues and side chains that include a-1,5-arabinans, b-1,4-galactans, and arabinogalactans. Many enzymes are required to synthesize pectin, but few have been identified. Pectin is most abundant in primary walls of expanding cells, but b-1,4-galactan is relatively abundant in secondary walls, especially in tension wood that forms in response to mechanical stress. We investigated enzymes in glycosyltransferase family GT92, which has three members in Arabidopsis thaliana, which we designated GALACTAN SYNTHASE1, (GALS1), GALS2 and GALS3. Loss-of-function mutants in the corresponding genes had a decreased b-1,4-galactan content, and overexpression of GALS1 resulted in plants with 50% higher b-1,4-galactan content. The plants did not have an obvious growth phenotype. Heterologously expressed and affinity-purified GALS1 could transfer Gal residues from UDP-Gal onto b-1,4-galactopentaose. GALS1 specifically formed b-1,4-galactosyl linkages and could add successive b-1,4-galactosyl residues to the acceptor. These observations confirm the identity of the GT92 enzyme as b-1,4-galactan synthase. The identification of this enzyme could provide an important tool for engineering plants with improved bioenergy properties.

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“…The water binding properties of the galacturonic acid residues indicate that polymers containing these groups have the capacity to hydrate and swell and so possibly help maintain polymer separation in the wall. 5 The side chains of RGI include arabinan and galactan polymers which have been shown to be highly mobile 6,7,8 with the potential to interact with each other forming a temporally entangled matrix. 9 It is also believed that arabinan chains, which have been shown to contain ferulate residues attached to terminal arabinose groups, are able to oxidatively cross-link via the formation of diferulate bridges between arabinan chains that originate on separate RGI polysaccharides.…”

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confidence: 99%

A role for pectin-associated arabinans in maintaining the flexibility of the plant cell wall during water deficit stress

Moore

Farrant

Driouich

2008

Plant Signaling & Behavior

122

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Conformation and mobility of the arabinan and galactan side-chains of pectin

Cited by 76 publications

References 47 publications

Soluble polysaccharides reduce binding and inhibitory activity of tea polyphenols against porcine pancreatic α-amylase

Soluble polysaccharides reduce binding and inhibitory activity of tea polyphenols against porcine pancreatic α-amylase

Pectin Biosynthesis: GALS1 in Arabidopsis thaliana Is a β-1,4-Galactan β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase

A role for pectin-associated arabinans in maintaining the flexibility of the plant cell wall during water deficit stress

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