Conformational Epitope Prediction of Birch Betv 1 and Hazel Cor A1 Towards B-Cells

Abstract

Background: White birch and hazel allergens, namely Bet v1 and Cor a1 are known allergens, but their allergen specificity is not yet characterized.
 Objective: To map the antigenic determinants responsible for IgE binding utilizing in silico modelling and docking of the peptides against IgE antibody.
 Methods: The antigen sequences were cut into peptides are docked against the IgE antibody and those with the highest docking scores are further studied for the bond interactions. The overlapping sequences of the high score peptides are observed in the whole antigen model to predict their position. The residues at bond interactions also been reported for these overlapping peptide sequences.
 Results: The validation is done by antigen-antibody docking studies to confirm the predicted epitope. 25% of the world population suffers from allergic rhinitis and 15% of them develop asthma. Conclusion: Negative binding energies of the studied pollen allergens with IgE confirm their allergenicity. Based on the results of overlapping peptides PF 3,4 and PF 16,17 to play a key role in the allergenic response of white birch and Common hazel.

Gastrointestinal fate of food allergens and its relationship with allergenicity

“…Proteins unstable to digestive enzymes are still considered responsible for triggering severe allergic reactions. Several major food allergens, such as milk Bos d 8, egg Gal d 1, shrimp Pen a 1, apple Mal d 1, hazelnut Cor a 1.04, and celery Api g 1, were quite labile during digestion (Boddakayala et al., 2021; Souza, 2020). In fact, there are potent allergens that do not share the commonly attributed physicochemical properties.…”

Comprehensive Study on Key Pollen Allergens

“…The allergen generally exhibits crossreactivity among hazelnut and birch or also alder and hornbeam. 6 Cor a 1 is the major hazel allergen and displays a significant level of homology towards the Bet v 1, major birch allergen which highlights the cross-reactivity. 7 Cor a 1 is a heat-sensitive protein found in both hazel and hazelnut 8 whose involvement impacts the detection of hazelnut allergy.…”

Digestion-Resistant Linear Epitopes as Dominant Contributors to Strong Allergenicity of Tropomyosin in Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba)

“…It is thought that the more food allergens maintain their structural integrity in the process of gastrointestinal digestion, the more they retain their own allergenicity . However, this is not always true, and recent studies have confirmed that many food allergens are unstable during gastrointestinal digestion. , During this process, their spatial structures are likely to be changed due to the hydrolysis of digestive enzymes, including loosening, unfolding, reaggregation, etc. , which affect the shape of allergens presented to the immune system, and thus affect the allergenic potential. , The structural changes of TM in Antarctic krill before and after gastrointestinal digestion in vitro were measured and analyzed in order to further explore the effect of gastrointestinal digestion on its allergenicity.…”