2000
DOI: 10.1002/1520-6017(200012)89:12<1605::aid-jps12>3.0.co;2-r
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Conformational Stability of Human Interferon‐Gamma on Association with and Dissociation from Liposomes

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Cited by 17 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…However, the double-emulsion preparation method has been shown to cause protein degradation and denaturation [18] . Also, there might exist protein-liposomal bilayer interactions that may affect protein conformation and activity [19,20] . We used three methods to test protein chemical and structural changes after encapsulation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…However, the double-emulsion preparation method has been shown to cause protein degradation and denaturation [18] . Also, there might exist protein-liposomal bilayer interactions that may affect protein conformation and activity [19,20] . We used three methods to test protein chemical and structural changes after encapsulation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both the SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses showed that the proteins were chemically intact. For protein conformational changes, some studies have used biophysical methods such as circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy to detect the secondary structure or local amino acid environment changes [19] . We adopted a biochemical approach using an ELISA to probe possible 3-dimensional conformational changes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The finding that the effects of liposomal IFN-γ were dependent on its release and binding to extracellular membrane receptors emphasized that encapsulated cytokines must be released by their carrier outside the target cell to be effective [45]. Subsequent studies revealed that IFN-γ is encapsulated in liposomes primarily by electrostatic association with anionic lipids in the membrane and that the addition of cholesterol to the membrane increases liposome stability, which slows cytokine release [4648]. Liposomal formulations that contained type I interferons and TNF-α have also been developed [49–52], with Eppstein and coworkers showing that anionic, multilamellar liposomes (MLVs) were most effective in encapsulating type I interferons compared with unilamellar and multilamellar liposomes with neutral or cationic surface charge.…”
Section: Characterization and Optimization Of Cytokine-loaded Particle mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…109 Of the studies to date, only van Slooten et al have examined IFN-g stability on desorption from the liposomes. 112 They found that the protein retained its secondary and tertiary structure on desorption, but examined a release period of just 30 min; therefore, long-term IFN-g stability in this formulation has yet to be demonstrated. Furthermore, the release period of the IFN-g from this liposomal formulation was relatively rapid, with a large burst of up to 75% of the initially loaded cytokine desorbed within the ®rst 8 h. 109 This release behavior has been noted with other proteins, such as interleukin-7, 113 in which $50% of the initial drug load was detectable in the urine of guinea pigs, and interleukin-2 which was detectable in the plasma for 6 h after administration by sc injection.…”
Section: Dosage Forms: Advantages and Limitationsmentioning
confidence: 99%