Conformational Switching of G‐Quadruplex DNA by Photoregulation

Wang, Xiaolin; Huang, Jing; Zhou, Yangyang; Yan, Shu; Weng, Xiaocheng; Wu, Xiaojun; Deng, Minggang; Zhou, Xiang

doi:10.1002/anie.201002290

Cited by 113 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Appropriate operator molecules are required to achieve our goal. On the basis of our previous studies (25,26), Razo and Razo-s show excellent abilities to induce the formation of G4 structures and are therefore selected as the candidates. Molecular modeling studies indicate that the quaternary ammonium groups of Razo are deeply involved in the observed G4 binding (25).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of our previous studies (25,26), Razo and Razo-s show excellent abilities to induce the formation of G4 structures and are therefore selected as the candidates. Molecular modeling studies indicate that the quaternary ammonium groups of Razo are deeply involved in the observed G4 binding (25). These bulky cations may fit into the CB7 cavity (28), thus preventing their access to the DNA phosphate backbone.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Razo and Razo-s were synthesized as previously reported (25,26). To prove the feasibility of our concept, h-Telo was tested as a model.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, photo-induced conformational changes of nucleic acids have been achieved (24). We also reported the reversible light-control of a G4 structure using some azobenzene derivatives, such as Razo and Razo-s (structures shown in Supplementary Figure S2) (25,26). However, the major drawback of the photo-induced process is the depth limit of the excitation beam in tissues and biological systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Razo is capable of inducing the folding of flexible DNA into a rigid G4 structure (25). Upon adding CB7, the steric crowding associated with the non-covalent CB7-Razo complex prevents the approximation and contact of Razo with the DNA and therefore leads to a topological transition from G4 to the unfolded state (right-to-left direction in Figure 1A).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reversible manipulation of the G-quadruplex structures and enzymatic reactions through supramolecular host–guest interactions

et al. 2017

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Supramolecular chemistry addresses intermolecular forces and consequently promises great flexibility and precision. Biological systems are often the inspirations for supramolecular research. The G-quadruplex (G4) belongs to one of the most important secondary structures in nucleic acids. Until recently, the supramolecular manipulation of the G4 has not been reported. The present study is the first to disclose a supramolecular switch for the reversible control of human telomere G4s. Moreover, this supramolecular switch has been successfully used to manipulate an enzymatic reaction. Using various methods, we show that cucurbit[7]uril preferably locks and encapsulates the positively charged piperidines of Razo through supramolecular interactions. They can switch the conformations of the DNA inhibitor between a flexible state and the rigid G4 and are therefore responsible for the reversible control of the thrombin activity. Thus, our findings open a promising route and exhibit potential applications in future studies of chemical biology.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Razo and Razo-s were synthesized as previously reported (25,26). To prove the feasibility of our concept, h-Telo was tested as a model.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reversible manipulation of the G-quadruplex structures and enzymatic reactions through supramolecular host–guest interactions

et al. 2017

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A Shape Memory Acrylamide/DNA Hydrogel Exhibiting Switchable Dual pH‐Responsiveness

Lü

Guo

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

119

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6867wileyonlinelibrary.com of the nucleic acids between two states. [ 7 ] Different stimuli, such as pH, [ 8 ] metal-ion/ ligand, [ 9 ] or photo nic signal, [ 10 ] were applied to switch DNA structures such as duplex DNAs, i-motif, or G-quadruplex structures, and these triggering signals were used to design DNA switches or DNA devices in solutions [ 11 ] and on surfaces. [ 12 ] DNAbased hydrogels attract recent research efforts, and stimuli-responsive hydrogels undergoing switchable hydrogel/solution transitions were developed. [ 13 ] pH-responsive hydrogels composed of i-motif [ 13g ] or nucleic acid triplex bridges, [ 14 ] metal-ionassisted cooperative bridging of duplex nucleic acids [ 15 ] or K + -ion-stabilized G-quadruplex bridges, [ 13b ] and their dissociation in the presence of ligands or receptors were applied to reversibly switch hydrogels-tosolution transitions. Different applications of stimuli-responsive hydrogels were suggested, including controlled drug release, [ 16 ] sensors, [ 17 ] switchable catalysis, [ 13b ] tailoring of separation matrices, [ 18 ] and the activation of enzyme cascades. [ 19 ] Recently, a pH-responsive shape memory acrylamide DNA-hydrogel was reported. [ 13g , 20 ] In this system, the shaped hydrogel was stabilized by bridging the acrylamide chains with two types of cooperative crosslinking elements involving duplex DNA and pH-sensitive i-motif units. The pH-stimulated separation of the i-motif dissociated the hydrogel into a quasi-liquid state, where the entanglement of the polymer chains by the residual duplex units provided a temporary memory for restoring the original shape upon reforming the i-motif bridging units. The development of other shape memory hydrogels, and particularly, the conjugation of hybrid shape memory polymers triggered by different stimuli, remains a challenge in materials science. Here we wish to report on the preparation of different pH-responsive shape memory hydrogels composed of acrylamide chains crosslinked by duplex DNA and pH-sensitive triplex DNA crosslinking units. In contrast to the previously reported system, the shape memory hydrogels exist at neutral pH as stable hydrogels, and are dissociated to quasi-liquid states either at acidic pH values (pH = 5.0) or at basic pH values (pH = 10.0). We further demonstrate the integration of two pH-sensitive hydrogels into a hybrid twodomain shaped structure, where each domain can be selectively addressed to undergo hydrogel/quasi-liquid shape memory dictated transitions. A Shape Memory Acrylamide/DNA Hydrogel Exhibiting Switchable Dual pH-ResponsivenessYuwei Hu , Chun-Hua Lu , Weiwei Guo , Miguel Angel Aleman-Garcia , Jiangtao Ren , and Itamar Willner * Shape memory acrylamide/DNA hydrogels include two different crosslinkers as stabilizing elements. The triggered dissociation of one of the crosslinking elements transforms the shaped hydrogel into an arbitrarily shaped (or shapeless) quasi-liquid state. The remaining crosslinking element, present in the quasi-liquid, provides an internal ...

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Synthesis and Applications of Stimuli‐Responsive DNA‐Based Nano‐ and Micro‐Sized Capsules

Liao

Willner

2017

Adv Funct Materials

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Stimuli-responsive, drug-loaded, DNA-based nano-and micro-capsules attract scientific interest as signal-triggered carriers for controlled drug release. The methods to construct the nano-/micro-capsules involve i) the layer-by-layer deposition of signal-reconfigurable DNA shells on drugloaded microparticles acting as templates, followed by dissolution of the core templates; ii) the assembly of three-dimensional capsules composed of reconfigurable DNA origami units; and iii) the synthesis of stimuli-responsive drug-loaded capsules stabilized by DNA−polymer hydrogels. Triggers to unlock the nano-/micro-capsules include enzymes, pH, light, aptamer−ligand complexes, and redox agents. The capsules are loaded with fluorescent polymers, metal nanoparticles, proteins or semiconductor quantum dots as drug models, with anti-cancer drugs, e.g., doxorubicin, or with antibodies inhibiting cellular networks or enzymes over-expressed in cancer cells. The mechanisms for unlocking the nano-/micro-capsules and releasing the drugs are discussed, and the applications of the stimuli-responsive nano-/microcapsules as sense-and-treat systems are addressed. The scientific challenges and future perspectives of nano-capsules and micro-capsules in nanomedicine are highlighted. Drug Delivery groups or duplex DNA or G-quadruplex by photoactive groups may lead to the triggered separation of duplex DNA or G-quadruplex structures ( Figure 1D). For example, disulfide bridges were reported to stabilize DNA duplex structures, while the reduction of the disulfide by thiols led to the separation of the duplex structures. [24][25][26] Also, trans-azobenzene photoisomerizable units linked covalently to duplex nucleic acids or associated with G-quadruplexes via supramolecular interactions, were reported to stabilize these structures, while the cis-azobencene units lack binding affinities (or stabilization effects) to these structures. [27][28][29][30] Photoisomerization of the trans-azobenzene units to the cis-azobenzene configuration, which lacks affinity toward the duplex DNA, results in the release of the photoactive units, in the weakening of the duplex structures, and eventually in their separation. By the cyclic photoisomerization of the photoactive azobenzene units, the double-stranded nucleic acid is then switched between stable and less stable configurations. Alternatively, photodegradable o-nitrobenzyl phosphate ester groups can be incorporated into the duplex DNA structure, and the light-induced separation of the phosphate units may lead to the separation of the duplex DNA. [31] Finally, sequence-specific nucleic acids, known as aptamers, reveal selective recognition properties toward low-molecular-weight substrates (e.g., ATP, cocaine) [32,33] or macromolecular ligands (e.g., thrombin, VEGF). [34,35] The formation of high-affinity complexes between the aptamer and the ligand may then provide a mechanism to separate duplex nucleic acid hybrids [36] (Figure 1E).The structural features of nucleic acids and the possibilities to reconfigure DNA ...

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Conformational Switching of G‐Quadruplex DNA by Photoregulation

Cited by 113 publications

References 52 publications

Reversible manipulation of the G-quadruplex structures and enzymatic reactions through supramolecular host–guest interactions

Reversible manipulation of the G-quadruplex structures and enzymatic reactions through supramolecular host–guest interactions

A Shape Memory Acrylamide/DNA Hydrogel Exhibiting Switchable Dual pH‐Responsiveness

Synthesis and Applications of Stimuli‐Responsive DNA‐Based Nano‐ and Micro‐Sized Capsules

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