Confounding in observational studies evaluating the association between Alzheimer's disease and periodontal disease: A systematic review

Nascimento, Gustavo G.; Leite, Fábio Renato Manzolli; Mesquita, Caio Melo; Vidigal, Maria Tereza Campos; Borges, Guilherme Henrique; Paranhos, Luiz Renato

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15402

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(216 reference statements)

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“…The results showed that AD subjects had poorer oral health, more mucosal lesions, and poorer saliva volume and quality [159]. D'Alessandro et al collected dental data on dementia severity; medications; physical status; and decayed, filled, and remaining natural teeth in 120 AD subjects and 103 control subjects, and they found that the oral health of AD patients declined as the severity of the disease worsened and that gingival bleeding rates, calculus, probing depths, and gingival indices were significantly higher in the AD patients as compared to the control group [160,161]. Martande et al assessed the periodontal health status of 58 AD subjects and 60 non-AD subjects and showed that the decrease in clinical periodontal parameters (including gingival and plaque indices, pocket depth, and bleeding rate on probing) was significantly greater in AD subjects than in non-AD subjects [162].…”

Section: Study Of the Correlation Between Periodontitis And Admentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in the Study of the Pathology and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Its Association with Periodontitis

Tang,

Sun,

Yang

et al. 2023

Life

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become one of the leading causes of health problems in the elderly, and studying its causes and treatments remains a serious challenge for researchers worldwide. The two main pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease are the extracellular deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) to form senile plaques and the intracellular aggregation of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein to form neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Researchers have proposed several hypotheses to elucidate the pathogenesis of AD, but due to the complexity of the pathophysiologic factors involved in the development of AD, no effective drugs have been found to stop the progression of the disease. Currently, the mainstay drugs used to treat AD can only alleviate the patient’s symptoms and do not have a therapeutic effect. As researchers explore interactions among diseases, much evidence suggests that there is a close link between periodontitis and AD, and that periodontal pathogenic bacteria can exacerbate Aβ deposition and Tau protein hyperphosphorylation through neuroinflammatory mechanisms, thereby advancing the pathogenesis of AD. This article reviews recent advances in the pathogenesis of AD, available therapeutic agents, the relevance of periodontitis to AD, and mechanisms of action.

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Section: Study Of the Correlation Between Periodontitis And Admentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AD has an impact on periodontal and oral health. D'Alessandro et al [160,161] 58 AD subjects and 60 control subjects.…”

Section: Study Of the Correlation Between Periodontitis And Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Study of the Pathology and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Its Association with Periodontitis

Tang,

Sun,

Yang

et al. 2023

Life

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Impact of periodontal disease on cognitive disorders, dementia, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Dibello,

Custodero,

Cavalcanti

et al. 2024

GeroScience

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Disparities and social determinants of periodontal diseases

Albandar

2024

Periodontology 2000

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Periodontal diseases are highly prevalent in populations worldwide and are a major global public health problem, with major negative impacts on individuals and communities. This study investigates evidence of disparities in periodontal diseases by age groups, gender, and socioeconomic factors. There is ample evidence that these diseases disproportionally affect poorer and marginalized groups and are closely associated with certain demographics and socioeconomic status. Disparities in periodontal health are associated with social inequalities, which in turn are caused by old age, gender inequality, income and education gaps, access to health care, social class, and other factors. In health care, these factors may result in some individuals receiving better and more professional care compared to others. This study also reviews the potential causes of these disparities and the means to bridge the gap in disease prevalence. Identifying and implementing effective strategies to eliminate inequities among minorities and marginalized groups in oral health status and dental care should be prioritized in populations globally.

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Confounding in observational studies evaluating the association between Alzheimer's disease and periodontal disease: A systematic review

Cited by 5 publications

References 56 publications

Advances in the Study of the Pathology and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Its Association with Periodontitis

Advances in the Study of the Pathology and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Its Association with Periodontitis

Impact of periodontal disease on cognitive disorders, dementia, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Disparities and social determinants of periodontal diseases

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