Confrontation Behavior Between
Lasius neoniger
(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and the Imported Fire Ant
1
,
2

Bhatkar, A. P.; Whitcomb, W. H.; Buren, W. F.; Callahan, Philip S.; Carlysle, Thelma C.

doi:10.1093/ee/1.3.274

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…In their investigation of 'gaster flagging', Obin and Vander Meer (1985) found S. invicta workers topically dispersed between 1 and 500 ng of venom. This venom dispersal behavior can be observed among workers both within the nest as they tend brood and outside the nest during confrontations with heterospecific arthropods (Bhatkar et al, 1972;Obin and Vander Meer, 1985). Surprisingly, considering the frequency with which people in infested areas get stung, no study to date has quantified the dose injected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depleted and synthesis workers were milked using a novel method that capitalized on defensive gaster-flagging behavior (Bhatkar et al, 1972;Obin and Vander Meer, 1985) during which venom is exuded from the stinger in response to heterospecific arthropods. The milking apparatus consisted of two strips of paper, the 'mobile gate' and the 'fixed gate', held on edge to a wooden board by clips supported with steel pegs.…”

Section: Venom Milkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The venom responsible for these reactions is a mixture of 2-methyl 6-alkyl or alkenyl disubstituted piperidines, dubbed solenopsins, and a small amount (approximately 0.1% by weight) of protein (MacConnell et al, 1971;Baer et al, 1979;Deslippe and Guo, 2000). The protein components are allergenic, and the solenopsins possess cytotoxic, insecticidal, antibiotic, and antimycotic properties (Caro et al, 1957;Blum et al, 1958;Adrouny et al, 1959;Blum and Callahan, 1960;Jung et al, 1963;Bhatkar et al, 1972;Jouvenaz et al, 1972;Read et al, 1978;Baer et al, 1979;Lind, 1982;Blum, 1988;Storey et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas S. invicta's venom has been the focus of many studies, its production and use have received relatively little attention beyond determination of the chemical nature of its biosynthesis (Leclercq et al, 1996) and the contexts of its use: prey capture (Hays and Hays, 1959;Blum and Callahan, 1960;Vinson and Sorenson, 1986;Lockley, 1995) and defense in response to disturbance (Blum, 1984;Vinson and Sorenson, 1986), competitors (Bhatkar et al, 1972;Obin and Vander Meer, 1985), and pathogens (Obin and Vander Meer, 1985). As a result, basic venom-related physiological and behavioral questions have remained largely unanswered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of venom synthesis and use in the fire ant, Solenopsis invicta

Haight

Tschinkel

2003

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In the life of the fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, venom plays several important roles, including prey capture, defense, and antimicrobial action. Although this venom's chemistry, pharmacology, and effects on humans have been extensively studied, its patterns of synthesis and use have not. We determined the ability of different-aged workers to synthesize venom, and measured the amount of venom workers delivered per sting. Newly eclosed workers contained little or no venom in their reservoirs. The rate of synthesis was highest in workers aged 1 day after adult eclosion (1.17 mg venom/day for workers with headwidths of 1 mm), declined by 75% in workers aged 15 days (0.30 mg venom/day), and was negligible thereafter. Inducing ants to sting dummies as surrogates for humans, workers were found to deliver an average of 0.66 nl per sting, amounting to 3.1% of the average individual venom supply. Older workers (foragers) delivered less venom per sting than mid-age workers (reserves) and venom dose from nest-defenders was 55% higher in the spring than in the rest of the year. Thus, fire ant venom synthesis is limited to early life, and injected venom dose appears to be modulated. Economic explanations for the observed venom-use patterns are discussed. q

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Venom Milkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of venom synthesis and use in the fire ant, Solenopsis invicta

Haight

Tschinkel

2003

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“…To learn more about these effects, we simulated raids by introducing experimental colonies of Argentine ants near actively foraging P. subnitidus colonies. Colony introductions of this kind (Bhatkar et al, 1972;Roubik, 1978;Schaffer et al, 1983;Torres, 1984;Gordon, 1996, 1999;Thomson, 2004) are commonly used to study interactions between native and introduced social insects.…”

Section: Short-term Introduction Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nest raiding by the invasive Argentine ant on colonies of the harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex subnitidus

Zee

Holway

2006

Insect. Soc.

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Invasive ants often displace native ants, and published studies that focus on these interactions usually emphasize interspecifi c competition for food resources as a key mechanism responsible for the demise of native ants. Although less well documented, nest raiding by invasive ants may also contribute to the extirpation of native ants. In coastal southern California, for example, invasive Argentine ants (Linepithema humile) commonly raid colonies of the harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex subnitidus. On a seasonal basis the frequency and intensity of raids vary, but raids occur only when abiotic conditions are suitable for both species. In the short term these organized attacks cause harvester ants to cease foraging and to plug their nest entrances. In unstaged, one-on-one interactions between P. subnitidus and L. humile workers, Argentine ants behaved aggressively in over two thirds of all pair-wise interactions, despite the much larger size of P. subnitidus. The short-term introduction of experimental Argentine ant colonies outside of P. subnitidus nest entrances stimulated behaviors similar to those observed in raids: P. subnitidus decreased its foraging activity and increased the number of nest entrance workers (many of which labored to plug their nest entrances). Raids are not likely to be the result of competition for food. As expected, P. subnitidus foraged primarily on plant material (85 % of food items obtained from returning foragers), but also collected some dead insects (7 % of food items). In buffet-style choice tests in which we offered Argentine ants food items obtained from P. subnitidus, L. humile only showed interest in dead insects. In other feeding trials L. humile consistently moved harvester ant brood into their nests (where they were presumably consumed) but showed little interest in freshly dead workers. The raiding behavior described here obscures the distinction between interspecifi c competition and predation, and may well play an important role in the displacement of native ants, especially those that are ecologically dissimilar to L. humile with respect to diet.

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Die Pharaoameise,Monomorium pharaonis(L.) (Hym., Myrmicidae)

Berndt¹,

Eichler

1987

Zoosystematics & Evolution

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All what is known about pharaoh's ant is compiled and supplemented by personal investigations of the authors and their co‐workers. This complex especially concerns laboratory experiences with artificial breeding and the effect of insecticides and pheromones as well as the strategy of control with sodium arsenate baits (as a model of control strategy based on the bait principle). Data on other problems are discussed also, f.i., ecology, ethology, physiology, aberrant morphology, public health significance, and vector role.

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Confrontation Behavior Between Lasius neoniger (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and the Imported Fire Ant 1 , 2

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Patterns of venom synthesis and use in the fire ant, Solenopsis invicta

Patterns of venom synthesis and use in the fire ant, Solenopsis invicta

Nest raiding by the invasive Argentine ant on colonies of the harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex subnitidus

Die Pharaoameise,Monomorium pharaonis(L.) (Hym., Myrmicidae)

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