Congenital absence of inferior vena cava: an under recognised cause of unprovoked venous thromboembolism

Chew, Renny; Lim, Amanda; Toh, Dylan

doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcx225

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The iliac vein is the most common location of thrombosis with a higher frequency of bilateral involvement and higher DVT recurrence. Pulmonary embolism is a rare manifestation, blood clots are blocked into aberrant collateral vessels ( 3 ). Recurrent DVT events and venous stasis could also lead to chronic venous insufficiency with ulceration and the appearance of trophic lesions ( 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Inferior Vena Cava Agenesia in a Young Male Patient Presenting With Bilateral Iliac Veins Thrombosis

Pasqui

Donato

Camarri³

et al. 2022

Front. Surg.

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IntroductionAnomalies in inferior vena cava represent an uncommon finding with a prevalence of 0. 3 to 0.5% among healthy patients. Specifically, the condition characterized by the agenesis of the inferior vena cava (IVC; AIVC) has been observed among the 0.0005 to 1% of the general population. AIVC is strongly related to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limb and pelvic district, especially in young patients. The rarity of the presented condition could relate to an underestimation of its impact on a particular clinical setting leading to a delayed diagnosis and inaccurate early- and long-term management.ReportWe presented a case of this anomaly regarding a 31-year-old man presenting with bilateral symptomatic proximal DVT. Duplex vascular ultrasound and subsequent CT-angiography revealed the complete occlusion of the right external and common iliac vein, as well as partial occlusion of the contralateral external iliac vein, in the patient. The exam also revealed the interruption of IVC in its infrarenal part. At the level of renal veins coalescence, IVC appeared again in its usual position. A dilatated portal system, hepatic veins, and azygos and hemiazygos systems were also highlighted. Anticoagulation was promptly started with the administration of Fondaparinux (7.5 mg/die). In addition, compression stocking was initiated within 24 h from diagnosis. After 3 weeks, the anticoagulation regimen was shifted toward the administration of a direct oral anticoagulant (Apixaban; 5 mg two times a day). At 1-month follow-up, a vascular duplex ultrasound revealed a complete resolution of the iliac veins' thrombosis.ConclusionIt is important to consider the eventuality of IVC anomalies in a young adult presenting with unexplained, extensive, or bilateral DVT. Accurate diagnostic evaluation is necessary to fully identify this condition that could represent a real challenge.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Inferior Vena Cava Agenesia in a Young Male Patient Presenting With Bilateral Iliac Veins Thrombosis

Pasqui

Donato

Camarri³

et al. 2022

Front. Surg.

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“…The infrarenal IVC develops from three paired veins at 4-8 weeks of gestation: the posterior cardinal, subcardinal, and supracardinal veins. 8 , 9 , 10 These form the IVC below the retrohepatic portion, along with the azygous and hemiazygous systems and the iliac veins. The absence of the infrarenal portion of the IVC is among the rarest of the anomalies described and is caused by failure of the posterior cardinal and supracardinal veins with preservation of the suprarenal segment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with this condition are generally male, under 40 years of age, and without other identifiable risk factors for thrombosis, presenting with DVT. 9 , 18 , 19 Thrombus burden can extend into the pelvis, leading to abdominal and lumbar pain; subsequent clot extension into the LLs may result in edema, venous insufficiency, and eventually ulceration. 15 , 20 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 21 These effective measures have been almost universally described for this patient population; however, duration of anticoagulation therapy remains controversial. 9 , 15 Close clinical follow-up is required for these patients to monitor bleeding and thrombosis. In this case, this was of particular importance due to ongoing participation in contact sports; thus, an adapted anticoagulation plan was used after discussion with the patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extensive deep venous thrombosis in a young male with absent infrarenal inferior vena cava

Jiang

Lai²,

Mitchell³

et al. 2022

Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases, Innovations and Techniques

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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“…Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (57). Certain vascular malformations, including the absence of the inferior vena cava contribute toward the development of thrombosis (90). There have also been other reports of thrombosis associated with vascular malformations (91)(92)(93).…”

Section: Vascular Malformations a Boy Without An Inferior Vena Cava Developed Deep Venous Thrombosis Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrombosis associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (Review)

Liu

2021

Exp Ther Med

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common pathogen causing respiratory infections in children and adults. In addition to respiratory diseases, Mycoplasma pneumoniae is also involved in numerous extrapulmonary diseases. Thrombosis is an extrapulmonary manifestation associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. In recent years, an increasing number of case reports have been published identifying thrombosis secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. In the present study, the available relevant literature in English available on PubMed, Medline and Web of Science was consulted. The results of the present study demonstrated that in patients with thrombosis caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, some of the factors causing thrombosis are transient and some are due to hereditary thrombophilia. Following timely treatment, the majority of patients recovered completely but some patients had a poor prognosis. The present review focuses on the pathogenesis, clinical features, treatment and prognosis of this crucial issue, which contributes toward the understanding of the disease.

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Congenital absence of inferior vena cava: an under recognised cause of unprovoked venous thromboembolism

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Case Report: Inferior Vena Cava Agenesia in a Young Male Patient Presenting With Bilateral Iliac Veins Thrombosis

Case Report: Inferior Vena Cava Agenesia in a Young Male Patient Presenting With Bilateral Iliac Veins Thrombosis

Extensive deep venous thrombosis in a young male with absent infrarenal inferior vena cava

Thrombosis associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (Review)

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