Congenital and perinatal cytomegalovirus infection in infants born to mothers infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Mussi-Pinhata, Marisa Márcia; Yamamoto, Aparecida Yulie; Figueiredo, Luiz Tadeu Morais; Cervi, Maria Célia; Duarte, Geraldo

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(98)70446-9

Cited by 61 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…50,51 Perhaps as a reflection of the high seroprevalence of CMV in our maternal cohort, no infant had typical cytomegalic inclusion disease. HIV-1-uninfected infants had a cumulative rate of CMV infection of 15.3 percent at six months of age; most of these infections were probably acquired perinatally in these formula-fed infants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Cytomegalovirus Infection and HIV-1 Disease Progression in Infants Born to HIV-1–Infected Women

Kovács

Schluchter²,

Easley³

et al. 1999

N Engl J Med

247

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Background and Methods-Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been implicated as a cofactor in the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease. We assessed 440 infants (75 of whom were HIV-1-infected and 365 of whom were not) whose CMV status was known, who were born to HIV-1-infected women, and who were followed prospectively. HIV-1 disease progression was defined as the presence of class C symptoms (according to the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]) or CD4 counts of less than 750 cells per cubic millimeter by 1 year of age and less than 500 cells per cubic millimeter by 18 months of age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Cytomegalovirus Infection and HIV-1 Disease Progression in Infants Born to HIV-1–Infected Women

Kovács

Schluchter²,

Easley³

et al. 1999

N Engl J Med

247

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Maternal coinfections with opportunistic pathogens, such as cytomegalovirus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, hepatitis C virus, and human herpesvirus 8, may be important [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Increased shedding and higher pathogen loads related to immunosuppression may cause increasing numbers of virulent congenital or maternally acquired neonatal infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Severity of HIV Disease in HIV-Infected Mothers Affect Mortality and Morbidity among Their Uninfected Infants?

Kuhn

Kasonde

Sinkala

et al. 2005

Clinical Infectious Diseases

167

157

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“…As a result, viremia occurs as a rule only in primary infections (216), whereas it is either absent or undetectable in recurrent infections of the immunocompetent host (216) and common in recurrent infections of immunocompromised patients (67,137,147,179). Since, following primary HCMV infection, intrauterine transmission occurs in only 30 to 40% of cases, an innate barrier seems to partially prevent vertical transmission (4,50,110,264).…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Congenital Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Management of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in the Mother, Fetus, and Newborn Infant

2002

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading cause of congenital viral infection and mental retardation. HCMV infection, while causing asymptomatic infections in most immunocompetent subjects, can be transmitted during pregnancy from the mother with primary (and also recurrent) infection to the fetus. Hence, careful diagnosis of primary infection is required in the pregnant woman based on the most sensitive serologic assays (immunoglobulin M [IgM] and IgG avidity assays) and conventional virologic and molecular procedures for virus detection in blood. Maternal prognostic markers of fetal infection are still under investigation. If primary infection is diagnosed in a timely manner, prenatal diagnosis can be offered, including the search for virus and virus components in fetal blood and amniotic fluid, with fetal prognostic markers of HCMV disease still to be defined. However, the final step for definite diagnosis of congenital HCMV infection is detection of virus in the blood or urine in the first 1 to 2 weeks of life. To date, treatment of congenital infection with antiviral drugs is only palliative both prior to and after birth, whereas the only efficacious preventive measure seems to be the development of a safe and immunogenic vaccine, including recombinant, subunit, DNA, and peptide-based vaccines now under investigation. The following controversial issues are discussed in the light of the most recent advances in the field: the actual perception of the problem; universal serologic screening before pregnancy; the impact of correct counseling on decision making by the couple involved; the role of prenatal diagnosis in ascertaining transmission of virus to the fetus; the impact of preconceptional and periconceptional infections on the prevalence of congenital infection; and the prevalence of congenitally infected babies born to mothers who were immune prior to pregnancy compared to the number born to mothers undergoing primary infection during pregnancy

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Congenital and perinatal cytomegalovirus infection in infants born to mothers infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Cited by 61 publications

References 22 publications

Cytomegalovirus Infection and HIV-1 Disease Progression in Infants Born to HIV-1–Infected Women

Cytomegalovirus Infection and HIV-1 Disease Progression in Infants Born to HIV-1–Infected Women

Does Severity of HIV Disease in HIV-Infected Mothers Affect Mortality and Morbidity among Their Uninfected Infants?

Diagnosis and Management of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in the Mother, Fetus, and Newborn Infant

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