Congenital Anomalies in Human Embryos

Nakano, Shiori; Makishima, Hideki; Yamada, Shigehito

doi:10.5772/intechopen.72628

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 79 publications

(76 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…9,16,18,19 The difference in the mean angle value occurs because of an ear abnormality (low set ear), which causes the ears of people with down syndrome to be rotated and lower than those of normal individuals. 20 Low set ear is found in 58.33% of the sample. This result is similar to the study of Azman et al 21 that is, the low set ear was found in 56.1% of the sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The differences in parallelism between ala-tragus line and occlusal plane of down syndrome and normal individuals

Kusumadewi

Kurnikasari

Rikmasari

et al. 2020

Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

People with down syndrome have a different craniofacial structure compared to normal individuals. Commonly, down syndrome patients have abnormal ear morphology with smaller size, and lower ear position compared to that of normalsubjects. These patients also have smaller nose, shorter maxilla structure and facial height. Other disorders are anomalies in tooth shape, numbers and size. The ala-tragus line is one of the anatomical landmarks to determine the occlusal plane orientation. Abnormalities in the anatomical structure of people with down syndrome can affect the parallelism between the ala-tragus line and the occlusal plane. The purpose of this research was to determine the differences in parallelism between the ala-tragus line and the occlusal plane of people with down syndrome and normal individuals. The sample in this study were people with down syndrome and normal individuals. The sample was photographed using a digital camera with a fox plane attached to the oral cavity. Parallelism of the ala-tragus line and the occlusal plane was analyzed by tracing these photographs. Photo tracing was done using the Autocad 2013 software. The mean value of angle on people with down syndrome (5.852° ± 5.367°) was greater than that of normal individuals (2.169° ± 2.557°). Based on the research, it was concluded that the parallelism of the ala-tragus line to the occlusal plane in people with down syndrome was different from that in normal individuals. The ala-tragus inferior line in normal individuals was more parallel to the occlusal plane compared to that in people with down syndrome.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%