Congenital Aplasia of the Uterine-Vaginal Segment in Dogs

Perineal Protrusion Secondary to Imperforate Hymen and Hydrocolpos in an 8-Year-Old Spayed Female Dog

“…In the literature, the majority of affected bitches are younger [ 3 , 4 ]; however, there have been reports of older dogs affected [ 6 ]. Dysuria, as seen in the dog of this report, is a common clinical sign of hydrocolpos [ 1 , 3 – 6 ]. Urinary tract infection may be initially suspected as the cause of dysuria, as in this dog; however, affected dogs do not respond to antibiotics.…”

“…In previous reports, hydrocolpos has been diagnosed with survey radiographs and ultrasonography [ 3 – 5 ]. Potential etiologies of hydrocolpos include imperforate hymen, vestibulovaginal stenosis, or an intraluminal mass obstructing fluid outflow of the vagina [ 1 ]. Vestibulovaginal stenosis, which is defined by a vestibulovaginal ratio of <0.33, can occur secondary to a variety of developmental vaginal anomalies, including focal vaginal hypoplasia, incomplete perforation of the hymen, vertical vaginal septum, or double vagina, which result in stenosis at the vestibulovaginal junction [ 8 , 9 ].…”

“…Congenital abnormalities of the female canine reproductive tract are uncommonly seen in veterinary practice, with reported occurrence in 0.02–0.05% of the canine population [ 1 ]. An imperforate hymen results from failure of the caudal paramesonephric ducts to fuse with the urogenital sinus, leading to an obstruction located between the vagina and the vestibule, just cranial to the opening of the urethra [ 1 , 2 ]. If vaginal outflow is completely obstructed, accumulation of normal vaginal secretions will result in its distention, which is known as hydrocolpos [ 2 ].…”

“…If vaginal outflow is completely obstructed, accumulation of normal vaginal secretions will result in its distention, which is known as hydrocolpos [ 2 ]. Dogs presenting with imperforate hymen often have a history of infertility or clinical signs secondary to vaginal dilation, including dysuria, dyschezia, and abdominal distention [ 1 , 3 – 5 ]. This case report describes a case of hydrocolpos secondary to an imperforate hymen resulting in a novel presenting clinical sign: perineal protrusion.…”

Genital abnormalities associated to lack of uterine adenogenesis or endometrial gland dysgenesis of female dromedary camels (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>)

“…This abnormality is also called uterine agenesis or segmental aplasia of the uterus. In the dromedary camel and other mammalian species, the etiology of this pathology is unknown (Colaço et al, 2012;Gherissi et al, 2019;Oh et al, 2005). A pleiotropic gene effect in cows has been observed (Rendel, 1952).…”