Congenital Babesiosis After Maternal Infection With Borrelia burgdorferi and Babesia microti

Saetre, Kirsten L.; Godhwani, Neetu; Maria, Mazen H.; Patel, Darshan; Wang, Guiqing; Li, Karl I.; Wormser, Gary P.; Nolan, Sheila M.

doi:10.1093/jpids/pix074

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This poses a major hazard to the supply of safe blood/blood products because infected, asymptomatic blood donors are unaware of their status at the time of donation. In rare cases, B. microti can also be transmitted vertically [11,12,13,14] and through organ transplants in humans [15]. Although rare in humans, transplacental transmission of B. microti occurs at high frequencies in its natural enzootic and reservoir hosts [16,17].…”

Section: B Microti Is the Most Common Transfusion-transmitted Patmentioning

confidence: 99%

Babesia microti—Borrelia burgdorferi Coinfection

Parveen

Bhanot

2019

Pathogens

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The incidence and geographic distribution of human babesiosis is growing in the U.S. Its major causative agent is the protozoan parasite, Babesia microti. B. microti is transmitted to humans primarily through the bite of Ixodes scapularis ticks, which are vectors for a number of other pathogens. Other routes of B. microti transmission are blood transfusion and in rare cases of mother-to-foetus transmission, through the placenta. This review discusses the current literature on mammalian coinfection with B. microti and Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent Lyme disease.

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Section: B Microti Is the Most Common Transfusion-transmitted Patmentioning

confidence: 99%

Babesia microti—Borrelia burgdorferi Coinfection

Parveen

Bhanot

2019

Pathogens

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“…microti in humans from mother to fetus has been reported in ten studies. Two of these were surveillance reports [5, 35] and eight were case reports describing newborns with congenital infections [36–43]. None of the infants were reported to have long-term sequelae from the congenital B .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Babesia: A scoping review of the global evidence

et al. 2019

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BackgroundBabesiosis is a parasitic vector-borne disease of increasing public health importance. Since the first human case was reported in 1957, zoonotic species have been reported on nearly every continent. Zoonotic Babesia is vectored by Ixodes ticks and is commonly transmitted in North America by Ixodes scapularis, the tick species responsible for transmitting the pathogens that also cause Lyme disease, Powassan virus, and anaplasmosis in humans. Predicted climate change is expected to impact the spread of vectors, which is likely to affect the distribution of vector-borne diseases including human babesiosis.MethodsA scoping review has been executed to characterize the global evidence on zoonotic babesiosis. Articles were compiled through a comprehensive search of relevant bibliographic databases and targeted government websites. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts for relevance and characterized full-text articles using a relevance screening and data characterization tool developed a priori.ResultsThis review included 1394 articles relevant to human babesiosis and/or zoonotic Babesia species. The main zoonotic species were B. microti, B. divergens, B. duncani and B. venatorum. Articles described a variety of study designs used to study babesiosis in humans and/or zoonotic Babesia species in vectors, animal hosts, and in vitro cell cultures. Topics of study included: pathogenesis (680 articles), epidemiology (480), parasite characterization (243), diagnostic test accuracy (98), mitigation (94), treatment (65), transmission (54), surveillance (29), economic analysis (7), and societal knowledge (1). No articles reported predictive models investigating the impact of climate change on Babesia species.ConclusionKnowledge gaps in the current evidence include research on the economic burden associated with babesiosis, societal knowledge studies, surveillance of Babesia species in vectors and animal hosts, and predictive models on the impact of climate change. The scoping review results describe the current knowledge and knowledge gaps on zoonotic Babesia which can be used to inform future policy and decision making.

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“…B. duncani testing should therefore be considered in any patient with an unexplained fatiguing, febrile illness and suggestive lab testing (anemia, thrombocytopenia, and transaminitis) living in the northeastern United States, who becomes ill after a tick bite or blood transfusion. Increased morbidity and mortality from babesiosis can be seen in the very young,96 elderly, immunosuppressed,97 (and asplenic) as well as in those with associated comorbidities 98…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Precision medicine: retrospective chart review and data analysis of 200 patients on dapsone combination therapy for chronic Lyme disease/post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome: part 1</p>

Horowitz¹,

Freeman²

2019

IJGM

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Purpose We collected data from an online survey of 200 of our patients, which evaluated the efficacy of dapsone (diaminodiphenyl sulfone, ie, DDS) combined with other antibiotics and agents that disrupt biofilms for the treatment of chronic Lyme disease/post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS). We also collected aggregate data from direct retrospective chart review, including laboratory testing for Lyme, other infections, and associated tick-borne coinfections. This helped us to determine the frequency of exposure to other infections/coinfections among a cohort of chronically ill Lyme patients, evaluate the efficacy of newer “persister” drug regimens like DDS, and determine how other infections and tick-borne coinfections may be contributing to the burden of chronic illness leading to resistant symptomatology. Patients and methods A total of 200 adult patients recruited from a specialized Lyme disease medical practice had been ill for at least 1 year. We regularly monitored laboratory values and participants’ symptom severity, and the patients completed the online symptom questionnaire both before beginning treatment and after 6 months on DDS combination therapy (DDS CT). Paired-samples t -tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank nonparametric test were performed on each of eight major Lyme symptoms, both before DDS CT and after 6 months of therapy. Results DDS CT statistically improved the eight major Lyme symptoms. We found multiple species of intracellular bacteria including rickettsia, Bartonella, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Tularemia, and Brucella contributing to the burden of illness and a high prevalence of Babesia complicating management with probable geographic spread of Babesia WA1/duncani to the Northeast. Borrelia, Bartonella, and Mycoplasma species, as well as Babesia microti had variable manifestations and diverse seroreactivity, with evidence of persistence despite commonly prescribed courses of anti-infective therapies. Occasional reactivation of viral infections including human herpes virus 6 was also seen in immunocompromised individuals. Conclusion DDS CT decreased eight major Lyme symptoms severity and improved treatment outcomes among patients with chronic Lyme disease/PTLDS and associated coinfections.

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Congenital Babesiosis After Maternal Infection With Borrelia burgdorferi and Babesia microti

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Babesia microti—Borrelia burgdorferi Coinfection

Babesia microti—Borrelia burgdorferi Coinfection

Zoonotic Babesia: A scoping review of the global evidence

<p>Precision medicine: retrospective chart review and data analysis of 200 patients on dapsone combination therapy for chronic Lyme disease/post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome: part 1</p>

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