Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in Infants Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Doyle, Marilyn; Atkins, Jane T.; Rivera-Matos, Idalia R.

doi:10.1097/00006454-199612000-00010

Cited by 91 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this historical cohort of HIV-infected US women and their infants, we observed a 10% cCMV transmission rate (19 of 193), falling within the previously reported 2.7%-11.4% range among other ART naive, HIV-infected populations [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…While the risk of cCMV transmission among HIV-infected women varies depending on the severity of HIV-induced immunosuppression, rates of transmission in studies conducted prior to widespread availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been reported to be as high as 11% [13][14][15]. Importantly, maternal ART has been an extremely effective strategy for the reduction of in utero HIV transmission, yet the burden of cCMV infection in HIVexposed infants remains high in ART-recipient maternal populations (1.5%-3.5% transmission rate) [16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Maternal Antibody Responses and Nonprimary Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection of HIV-1–Exposed Infants

et al. 2016

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Risk of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) transmission is highly dependent on the presence of preexisting maternal immunity, with the lowest rates observed in CMV-seroimmune populations. Among infants of CMV-seroimmune women, those who are exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of acquiring cCMV infection as compared to HIV-unexposed infants. To better understand the risk factors of nonprimary cCMV transmission in HIV-infected women, we performed a casecontrol study in which CMV-specific plasma antibody responses from 19 CMV-transmitting and 57 CMV-nontransmitting women with chronic CMV/HIV coinfection were evaluated for the ability to predict the risk of cCMV infection. Primary multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis revealed an association between epithelial-tropic CMV neutralizing titers and a reduced risk of cCMV transmission (odds ratio [OR], 0.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], .03-.93; P = .04), although this effect was not significant following correction for multiple comparisons (false-discovery rate, 0.12). Exploratory analysis of the CMV specificity of plasma antibodies revealed that immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses against the glycoprotein B (gB) neutralizing epitope AD-2 had a borderline association with low risk of transmission (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, .51-1.00; P = .05), although this was not confirmed in a post hoc plasma anti-AD-2 IgG blocking assay. Our data suggest that maternal neutralizing antibody responses may play a role in protection against cCMV in HIV/CMV-coinfected populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

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confidence: 99%

Maternal Antibody Responses and Nonprimary Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection of HIV-1–Exposed Infants

et al. 2016

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“…Previous studies showed that HIV-1-infected individuals who were HCMV-seropositive progressed faster to AIDS from an average of 19 months compared with 49.5 months for HCMV-seronegative individuals. [28][29][30] Although the mechanism remains elusive, this finding suggests that HCMV infection could modulate the host in favor for HIV/AIDS. In a human cervical tissue explant model, HCMV and HIV-1 appears to coinfect macrophages, although the outcome remains unknown.…”

Section: Recent Studies Showed That Infection Of Cd34mentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent human cytomegalovirus enhances HIV-1 infection in CD34+ progenitor cells

et al. 2017

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“…Complex interactions exist between HIV and CMV, including a shared mode of in utero, perinatal, and post-natal routes of transmission [11][12][13][14]; a higher rate of congenital CMV infection in HIV-infected infants [11][12][13][14]; an impaired containment of CMV replication among HIV-infected infants [15]; and a more severe course of HIV infection, accompanied by a higher rates of central nervous system complications [16]. Mortality is also higher in CMV-HIV co-infected infants [17], and poorer growth and development had been recorded even among HIVexposed uninfected (HEU) infants who were coinfected with CMV [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors of cytomegalovirus infection among HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected infants in Nigeria

Anígilájé

Dabit

Nweke

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) co-infection increases morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. There has been no study on CMV infection and its risk factors among Nigerian HIV-infected and/or HIV-exposed uninfected infants. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional cohort study at the Federal Medical Center, Makurdi, between January 2012 and March 2013. Acute CMV infection among consecutive three-month-old HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected infants was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the CMV immunoglobulin M (IgM). The relationship between acute CMV infections in the infants and the potential risk factors was tested using logistic regression analyses. Results: The prevalence of acute CMV infection was 41.4% (91/220), including 12.1% (11/91) and 87.9% (80/91) among the HIV-infected and the HIV-exposed uninfected infants, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, oropharyngeal candidiasis in the infants, HIV co-infection in the infants, maternal mastitis during breastfeeding, and the absence of maternal chronic CMV infections significantly increased the risk of acute CMV in the young infants. Conclusions: In our setting, concerted efforts to prevent and/or promptly treat oropharyngeal candidiasis and mastitis during breastfeeding may reduce the burden of CMV among HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected infants. Public enlightenment on the mode of CMV transmission and its prevention is also important.

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Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in Infants Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Abstract: Congenital CMV infection is more common in HIV-infected infants than in HIV-uninfected infants. Infection with CMV in early life is associated with greater immunosuppression and may be associated with a more rapid progression of HIV infection in infants.

Cited by 91 publications

References 20 publications

Maternal Antibody Responses and Nonprimary Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection of HIV-1–Exposed Infants

Maternal Antibody Responses and Nonprimary Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection of HIV-1–Exposed Infants

Latent human cytomegalovirus enhances HIV-1 infection in CD34+ progenitor cells

Prevalence and risk factors of cytomegalovirus infection among HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected infants in Nigeria

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