Congenital deformities of mechanical origin

Neonatal foot deformities and their relationship to developmental dysplasia of the hip

“…CTCV. In 1955 Browne 31 stated that there was an association between congenital dysplasia of the hip and CTCV based on his clinical experience, although he did not present any clinical data. In a retrospective study in 1964, Wynne-Davies 22 demonstrated an incidence of 4% to 5% of congenital dysplasia of the hip in CTCV.…”

Congenital shortening of one femur in one identical twin.

“…Simple birth fracture must be excluded by the concomitant delay in the appearance of the centre of ossification for the upper tibial epiphysis and the subsequent behaviour of the femur itself. Compression of the thigh at a time when ossification of the femoral diaphysis is most active could lead to a state where the limb 'would be in a condition of reduced arterial supply combined with venous stasis' (Browne, 1936). The X-ray appearances of the short curved femur with thickening of the cortex almost obliterating the medullary cavity would suggest endosteal new-bone formation and Brookes (1960) has shown experimentally that this can follow occlusion of the principal nutrient vessels of the femur.…”

Multiple Congenital Symmetric Skin Dimples

“…It has long been thought that cutaneous depressions may be the consequence of fetal tissue being trapped between a sharp bony prominence and the uterine wall, resulting in an abnormal formation of subcutaneous tissue. This could be true in the case of dimples observed over the knees, elbows, tibia, bowing convexities or exostoses of long bones [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”