Congenital first branchial cleft anomalies in children: a study of 100 surgical cases and a review of the literature

Chen, Wei; Xu, Mengrou; Wang, Qingyu; Xu, Rong; Chen, Jiarui; Xu, Hongming; Li, Xiaoyan

doi:10.1007/s00405-022-07607-0

Cited by 7 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…2,14,15 The fluid within LMs is often clear to light yellow in color only if there has been hemorrhage. 8,19 In our series, rapidly enlarging occurred in 30% (51/170) cases, which attributed to intracystic hemorrhage (62.7%, 32/51), infection (27.5%, 14/51) and trauma (9.8%, 5/51). Dark red or light bloody liquid were seen in 91 cases, 79 cases filled with yellow clear liquid (Figure 1, Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…However, it is not uncommon for some of these lesions to extend from one space in the neck into another as a result of their infiltrative nature. 8,17 In the present study, CT can effectively show the extension and adjacent vital structures of HNLMs. CE-CT showed that most HNLMs had thin wall, irregular shapes (94.7%, 143/151), but clear boundaries (91.4%, 138/151) and infiltrative growth along tissue space (84.8%, 128/151).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…3,5,6 About half of LMs are detected at birth, with 80%-90% detected by the age of 2. 2,7,8 Owing to complex and variable anatomy, LMs are not as well understood. Radiology is playing an important and growing role in the diagnosis of LMs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LMs are located primarily in the head and neck, up to 70%–80%, but they can occur in any part of the body 3,5,6 . About half of LMs are detected at birth, with 80%–90% detected by the age of 2 2,7,8 . Owing to complex and variable anatomy, LMs are not as well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging manifestations of head and neck lymphatic malformations: A single‐center experience of 170 surgical cases

Chen,

Xu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Head & Neck

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ObjectivesTo discuss the imaging manifestations and the utility of preoperative ultrasonography (US), contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CE‐CT) and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE‐MRI) in diagnosing the pediatric head and neck lymphatic malformations (HNLMs).MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of 170 children who were referred to our hospital in the past 9 years for the treatment of HNLMs.ResultsThe diagnostic rates of US, CE‐CT and CE‐MRI were 93.0% (146/157), 94.7% (143/151) and 100% (45/45), respectively. As in multilocular cases, intracystic septa detection rate was 91.5% (130/142), 50.4% (68/135) and 88.1% (37/42), and which had a statistical difference (χ2 = 25.8131, p < 0.05). US showed capsule contents anechoic in 51.0% (80/157) cases, hypoechoic or mixed echoic in 49.0% (77/157) cases, and flocculent or dotted echo floating in 36.9% (58/157) cases. CT showed low density of the capsule contents without enhancement in 69.5% (105/151) cases and mixed density with enhancement in 30.4% (46/151) cases. Liquid–liquid levers were seen in 8.6% (13/151) cases. MRI showed T1WI high signal and T2WI low signal of the capsule contents without enhancement in 28.9% (13/45) cases and mixed density in 71.1% (32/45) cases. Liquid–liquid levers were seen in 46.7% (21/45) cases. There were statistically significant differences between pure HNLMs and intracystic hemorrhage in capsule content (echo, density, signal), enhancement, and liquid–liquid lever (all p < 0.05). Among US, CE‐CT and CE‐MRI, intracystic hemorrhage diagnostic accuracy had a statistical difference (χ2 = 25.4152, p < 0.05).ConclusionsFor clinical diagnosis and evaluation of HNLMs, we suggest that US combined with CE‐CT for acute cases, and for stable cases, US combined with CE‐MRI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging manifestations of head and neck lymphatic malformations: A single‐center experience of 170 surgical cases

Chen,

Xu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Head & Neck

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“…Clinically, the CSBCAs are often misdiagnosed and need to be differentiated from TGDC, congenital first branchial cleft anomaly (CFBCAs), congenital pyriform sinus fistula (CPSF), lymphatic malformations (LMs), and other cystic neck lesions (1,8). The above diseases have certain characteristic clinical and imaging appearances, and familiarity which can assist in clinical diagnosis (2,10,11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital second branchial cleft anomalies in children: A report of 52 surgical cases, with emphasis on characteristic CT findings

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2023

Front. Pediatr.

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ObjectiveThe objectives of this study was to review the clinical features and surgical treatment outcomes of congenital second branchial cleft anomalies (CSBCAs) and to investigate the characteristic computed tomography (CT) findings of CSBCAs.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 52 children who were referred to Shanghai Children's Hospital from October 2014 to December 2021 diagnosed as CSBCAs.ResultsThere were 36 males and 16 females. Of them, 35 patients were presented as having a skin pit at birth or discharge from the skin opening on the lateral neck, and 17 patients presented with an asymptomatic or painful mass. The typical CT features of CSBCAs included isolated and homogeneously hypodense cystic lesions surrounded by a uniformly thin, smooth wall. CSBCAs were generally located at the anteromedial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, posterior to the submandibular gland, and lateral to the carotid sheath. All patients were treated surgically and only one case underwent ipsilateral tonsillectomy. After a median follow-up of 30 (range 4–90) months, no recurrence or complications were observed.ConclusionsThe CSBCAs show some characteristic CT findings, which can help clinicians diagnose and plan surgical strategies. High ligation of the lesions is sufficient for complete excision of CSBCAs.

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Analysis of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Modes for Congenital Branchial Cleft Anomalies

Cai,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate and assess the clinical data of 123 patients diagnosed with congenital branchial cleft anomalies (CBCAs), to summarize pivotal aspects concerning their clinical diagnosis and treatment process. Materials and Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of 123 patients who underwent surgical intervention for CBCAs at our institution between August 2005 and September 2021. The clinical demographic characteristics of the patients, primary symptoms, treatment chronology, preoperative diagnostic assessments, surgical strategies, occurrences of postoperative complications, and rates of recurrence were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Among the enrolled patients, there were 43 cases (34.9%) of congenital first branchial cleft anomalies (CFBCA), 76 cases (61.8%) of congenital second branchial cleft anomalies (CSBCA), and 4 cases (3.3%) of congenital third branchial cleft anomalies (CTBCA), with no cases of congenital fourth branchial anomalies (CFBA). Notably, among all cases, 43 anomalies were situated in the upper one-third of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, while 80 anomalies were located in the lower one-third. Different surgical approaches were selected for patients based on the specific type of anomaly presented. Following surgery, there was recurrence in 14 cases, with factors such as patient age, clinical categorization, lesion type, and history of preoperative infection and surgical intervention identified as primary risk factors for it. Conclusion: CBCAs represent comparatively uncommon disorders affecting the head and cervical regions in clinical practice. Diagnostic modes such as ultrasonography and lipiodol contrast radiography can be used for accurate diagnosis, with surgical intervention serving as the primary therapeutic method.

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Congenital first branchial cleft anomalies in children: a study of 100 surgical cases and a review of the literature

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Imaging manifestations of head and neck lymphatic malformations: A single‐center experience of 170 surgical cases

Imaging manifestations of head and neck lymphatic malformations: A single‐center experience of 170 surgical cases

Congenital second branchial cleft anomalies in children: A report of 52 surgical cases, with emphasis on characteristic CT findings

Analysis of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Modes for Congenital Branchial Cleft Anomalies

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