Congenital Herpes Simplex Virus: A Histopathological View of the Placenta

Deftereou, Theodora-Eleftheria; Trypidi, A; Alexiadi, Christina Angelika; Theotokis, Paschalis; Μanthou, Maria Eleni; Meditskou, Soultana; Simopoulou, Mara; Lambropoulou, María

doi:10.7759/cureus.29101

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…ToRCH pathogens represent the majority of placental infections associated with chronic inflammation [44], as they can enter the intra-amniotic space and overcome the defense mechanisms of the placenta that protect against vertical microbial transmission [42]. In the present study, the placental tissue examination revealed that CV was the main histopathological condition observed in the study population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

See 1 more Smart Citation

ToRCH Pathogen-Induced Histopathological Changes in Placental Tissues and Associated Post Obstetric Complications in Pakistani Women

Naseem,

Khan,

Alshaya

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mortality rate of women during the gestation period or after delivery is very high worldwide. ToRCH pathogens [Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii), Rubella Virus (RV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)] are transmitted vertically and are associated with mortality and complications both in the mother and the fetus or children. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the ToRCH pathogen-induced histopathological changes in placental tissues and associated post-obstetric complications in Pakistani women. Women (N = 68) included in this study were divided into Group A (women with current abortion and bad obstetric history-BOH) and Group B (women with normal delivery and BOH). The venous blood collected was analyzed for ToRCH antibodies through ELISA. A small piece of placenta tissue taken after delivery or abortion was subjected to nucleic acid (NA) detection through PCR using ToRCH pathogen-specific primers. The placental tissue was analyzed for histopathological changes under a microscope. The data obtained were analyzed using percentages and the Chi square test. Overall ToRCH antibody positivity was 64.70% (44/68). Of these, IgM (Immunoglobulin M) was found in 17.65% (12/68), IgG (Immunoglobulin G) in 45.59% (31/68), and one case (1.47%) was seropositive for both IgM and IgG. The NA was detected in 66.18% (45/68) of the placental tissues of the study population. The higher prevalence of antibodies for T.gondii and RV (23.53% each) and NA for RV, CMV, and HSV (17.99% each) was observed in the study population. The ToRCH infection (antibodies and NA) with BOH complications was statistically found to be non-significant (p> 0.05). Overall discrepancies in ToRCH antibodies and NA positivity were found in 86.76% (59/68) of cases, especially for RV (26.47%). Chorionic villitis (CV) in placental tissues was observed in 20.59% (14/68), i.e., 13.23% of Group A and 7.35% of Group B. Of the total, four women with T.gondii, six with RV, and three each with CMV and HSV infection were found with CV. The most common BOH complications observed were recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSAs) (47.05%, 32/68), stillbirth (22.05%, 15/68), congenital abnormalities (14.70%, 10/68), etc. It was observed that RSAs were associated with CV (10.29%) in the study population. The BOH complication and CV were found to be statistically non-significant (p> 0.05). It is concluded that ToRCH pathogens are prevalent in the study population, and CV was the only histopathological change found and associated with BOH complications.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…It is noteworthy that few of the women were positive for NA only (Cat-VI) in the case of T.gondii and RV, while there was a high prevalence of CMV and HSV. Both the CMV and HSV cause latent infection [40,41], and it is quite possible that they evade the immune system and IgM and IgG may not be detected [42,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ToRCH Pathogen-Induced Histopathological Changes in Placental Tissues and Associated Post Obstetric Complications in Pakistani Women

Naseem,

Khan,

Alshaya

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In successful pregnancies, infant mortality rates are similarly associated with infection [92] . HSV infection has also been shown to induce significant pathologies in the placenta including chronic placental inflammation, chronic chorioamnionitis and villitis, and necrotic conditions [93] , which likely contribute to the associations between infection and pregnancy complications and/or failures.…”

Section: Hsv Effects On Reproduction and Across Generationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaic connectivity between the sulfated heparan sulfate and the herpesviruses – An evolutionary potential for cross-species interactions

Elste

Chan

Tripathi³

et al. 2023

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Roles of TGF-β1 in Viral Infection during Pregnancy: Research Update and Perspectives

Trinh

Pham

Takada

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a pleiotropic growth factor playing various roles in the human body including cell growth and development. More functions of TGF-β1 have been discovered, especially its roles in viral infection. TGF-β1 is abundant at the maternal–fetal interface during pregnancy and plays an important function in immune tolerance, an essential key factor for pregnancy success. It plays some critical roles in viral infection in pregnancy, such as its effects on the infection and replication of human cytomegalovirus in syncytiotrophoblasts. Interestingly, its role in the enhancement of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and replication in first-trimester trophoblasts has recently been reported. The above up-to-date findings have opened one of the promising approaches to studying the mechanisms of viral infection during pregnancy with links to corresponding congenital syndromes. In this article, we review our current and recent advances in understanding the roles of TGF-β1 in viral infection. Our discussion focuses on viral infection during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. We highlight the mutual roles of viral infection and TGF-β1 in specific contexts and possible functions of the Smad pathway in viral infection, with a special note on ZIKV infection. In addition, we discuss promising approaches to performing further studies on this topic.

show abstract

Congenital Herpes Simplex Virus: A Histopathological View of the Placenta

Cited by 4 publications

References 57 publications

ToRCH Pathogen-Induced Histopathological Changes in Placental Tissues and Associated Post Obstetric Complications in Pakistani Women

ToRCH Pathogen-Induced Histopathological Changes in Placental Tissues and Associated Post Obstetric Complications in Pakistani Women

Archaic connectivity between the sulfated heparan sulfate and the herpesviruses – An evolutionary potential for cross-species interactions

Roles of TGF-β1 in Viral Infection during Pregnancy: Research Update and Perspectives

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About