Congenital hypothyroidism and concurrent renal insufficiency in a kitten

Lim, Chee Kin; Rosa, Chantal; Witt, Yolanda de; Schoeman, Johan P.

doi:10.4102/jsava.v85i1.1144

Cited by 11 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Mental dullness and constipation, both signs typical of the condition, were documented in only two cases here (Peterson 2019). Severe megacolon in Case 3 resolved after thyroid hormone supplementation, as has been described in other cases (Quante et al 2010, Lim et al 2014.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Dermatological abnormalities in congenital hypothyroidism are usually attributed to retention of the juvenile haircoat, progressive alopecia and a lack of primary guard hairs (Bojanic et al 2011). Seborrhoea is also reportedly common (Lim et al 2014). The focal lesions of alopecia over "pressure points," present in three of our cases, has not been described previously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Feline hypothyroidism is most frequently an iatrogenic consequence of therapy for hyperthyroidism (Welches et al 1989). Spontaneous hypothyroidism is uncommon, with only 11 cases of adult-onset disease (Rand et al 1993, Blois et al 2010, Galgano et al 2014, Kent et al 2016, Peterson et al 2018 and approximately 65 cases of congenital hypothyroidism reported (Arnold et al 1984, Peterson 1989, Sjollema et al 1991, Tanase et al 1991, Jones et al 1992, Peterson et al 1994, Stephan & Schütt-Mast 1995, Schumm-Draeger et al 1996, Firth et al 2000, Tobias & Labato 2001, Mazrier et al 2003, Crowe 2004, Szabo & Wells 2007, Traas et al 2008, Quante et al 2010, McGhie & Thompson 2011, Lim et al 2014, Peterson 2015, Van Bergen et al 2016, Jacobson & Rochette 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Congenital hypothyroidism in cats has mainly been reported in the USA and Europe, with cases also reported in New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, Turkey and Japan (Tanase et al 1991, Jones et al 1992, Traas et al 2008, McGhie & Thompson 2011. It has been suggested that congenital hypothyroidism is an under-recognised disorder of cats as routine screening for the disease is not performed (Traas et al 2008, Bojanic et al 2011, Lim et al 2014, Peterson 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cluster of cases of congenital feline goitrous hypothyroidism in a single hospital

Iturriaga

Cocio

Barrs

2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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To describe the clinicopathological findings and outcomes of cases of feline congenital hypothyroidism diagnosed in a single veterinary hospital in Santiago, Chile. Materials and MethOds: Medical records were searched for cases of congenital hypothyroidism over an 18-month period. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism based on consistent historical and clinical findings, a low or low-normal serum total T4 and elevated serum canine TSH (cTSH). results: Six unrelated cats ranging in age from 4 to 19 months met the inclusion criteria. The most common historical signs were small stature and lethargy. All cats had disproportionate dwarfism, delayed tooth eruption, retained deciduous teeth, bilateral palpable goitres and low rectal temperatures. Other findings were bradycardia, obesity, poor hair coat and focal alopecia on the ventral aspects of the elbows and hocks. In all cases, cTSH was markedly elevated. Sequential changes noted after the initiation of therapy included normal T4 after 6 weeks, improved hair coat and increased physical activity by 8 weeks, normal cTSH by 10 weeks and normal physical appearance and dentition after 4 months. Goitres shrank markedly but remained palpable. Hypothyroidism was well managed clinically in all cases 2 years after diagnosis except for one cat that died of unrelated causes. clinical significance: This is the first report to describe a cluster of congenital hypothyroidism cases in non-related cats that were presented over a short period of time. Growth defects resolve with treatment, even in cats diagnosed after puberty. Larger, prospective multi-centre studies are warranted to determine the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in cats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cluster of cases of congenital feline goitrous hypothyroidism in a single hospital

Iturriaga

Cocio

Barrs

2020

J of Small Animal Practice

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“…1–3 However, congenital hypothyroidism (cretinism) is also rare but is one of the most common causes of disproportionate dwarfism in kittens and is much better characterized than the adult-onset form. 4,5 Of the 60 or so cats with congenital hypothyroidism that have been reported, 6–20 only two were older than 12 months of age at time of diagnosis, 16,17 whereas another two cats were diagnosed at 7 and 8 months of age, respectively. 12,19 All of the remaining cases were diagnosed as kittens, generally at 2–4 months of age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary goitrous hypothyroidism in a young adult domestic longhair cat: diagnosis and treatment monitoring

Peterson

2015

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summaryPrimary goitrous hypothyroidism was diagnosed in a 12-month-old cat examined because of small stature, mental dullness, severe lethargy, generalized weakness and gait abnormalities. Radiographs of the long bones and spine revealed delayed epiphyseal ossification and epiphyseal dysgenesis. Diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism was confirmed by low serum concentrations of total and free thyroxine (T4) with high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations. Thyroid scintigraphy revealed severe enlargement of both thyroid lobes, as evidenced by a seven-fold increase in calculated thyroid volume above the reference interval. In addition, this bilateral goiter had an extremely high radionuclide uptake, about 10-fold higher than the normal feline thyroid gland. Treatment with twice-daily levothyroxine (L-T4), administered on an empty stomach, resulted in increased alertness, playfulness, strength and improvement in gait, as well as an increase in body length and weight. L-T4 replacement also led to normalization of serum thyroid hormone and TSH concentrations, and complete resolution of goiter.Relevance and novel informationSpontaneous hypothyroidism is rarely reported in cats, with congenital hypothyroidism in kittens diagnosed most frequently. Despite the fact that this cat was a young adult, it likely had a form of congenital hypothyroidism caused by dyshormonogenesis (defect in thyroid hormone synthesis) that led to compensatory development of goiter. In hypothyroid cats, treatment with L-T4 is best given twice daily on an empty stomach to ensure adequate absorption. Normalization of serum TSH and shrinkage of goiter, as well as improvement in clinical signs, is the goal of treatment for cats with goitrous hypothyroidism.

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Hormonal and Metabolic Diseases

Heripret

Kooistra

2020

Feline Dermatology

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Congenital hypothyroidism and concurrent renal insufficiency in a kitten

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Cluster of cases of congenital feline goitrous hypothyroidism in a single hospital

Cluster of cases of congenital feline goitrous hypothyroidism in a single hospital

Primary goitrous hypothyroidism in a young adult domestic longhair cat: diagnosis and treatment monitoring

Hormonal and Metabolic Diseases

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