Congenital intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt embolization: A two‐case experience

Abstract

Congenital intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunts are rare vascular malformations which are incidentally discovered on imaging or once hepatic encephalopathy becomes clinically apparent. Surgical ligation and endovascular embolization are potential treatments.

Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration for treatment of congenital intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt: A case report

“…Detachable coils, gelfoam particles, polyvinyl particles, and the Amplatzer Vascular Plug™ have all been reported as useful materials for CPSVS closure. 5 , 11 , 12 …”

Non-target lung embolization during portal vein embolization due to an unrecognized portosystemic venous fistula: A case report

“…Type III of shunt involves direct communication between peripheral portal and hepatic venous branches through an aneurysmal segment. Type IV involves more than one hepatic segment and consists of multiple communicating peripheral portal and hepatic venous branches[ 5 ].…”

“…Congenital portosystemic shunts are divided into intrahepatic and extrahepatic portosystemic venous shunts. Although intrahepatic shunts have a higher rate of spontaneous closure, extrahepatic shunts rarely occur[ 5 ].…”

Portal hypertension exacerbates intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt and further induces refractory hepatic encephalopathy: A case report

“…Meanwhile, color doppler ultrasound is important to recognize asymptomatic IPSVS, which may be misdiagnosed as hypervascular lesions on CT or sonography[ 4 ]. Moreover, the measurement of the shunt ratio by color doppler ultrasound is useful to determine the therapeutic options[ 5 ]. Although the ultrasound and CT have increased the detection rate of intrahepatic shunt, IPSVS is still a relatively rare disorder.…”