Congenital Lesions of the Head and Neck

Proctor, Bruce; Proctor, Conrad

doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(20)33141-8

Cited by 39 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…7). This finding is neglected in English-language literature with a few exceptions, 18,23,29 but in the French literature, it is considered pathognomonic of a first pharyngeal cleft cyst. 30 Early writers thought No.…”

Section: Myringeal Webmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…7 They usually have an orifice of less than 1 mm in diameter and a length of less than 2 cm, although they can reach the periosteum of the temporal bone and often have subcutaneous branches. 18 The sinuses are very short, end blindly, and miss any connection to the external auditory canal or the eustachian tube. Skin tags may be found along the line connecting the external auditory canal and the homolateral oral commissure.…”

Section: Preauricular Cysts Sinuses Fistulas and Skin Tagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proctor and Proctor write that accessory auricles are frequently pedunculated and may extend for several millimeters in the neck but are not associated with fistulas. 18 No. 9 LATERAL ANOMALIES OF THE PHARYNGEAL APPARATUS: PART II ?…”

Section: Preauricular Cysts Sinuses Fistulas and Skin Tagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that myringeal webs were a continuation of fistulous tracts. 18 Sichel et al, 28 however, proposed that these webs are associated malformations and do not require removal.…”

Section: Myringeal Webmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lateral Congenital Anomalies of the Pharyngeal Apparatus: Part II. Anatomy of the Abnormal for the Surgeon

Mirilas

2011

The American Surgeon™

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“Anatomy of the abnormal”—a branch of surgical anatomy—deals with relations of an anomaly to surrounding entities. Here, lateral congenital anomalies of the pharyngeal apparatus are examined; their relations to entities of the neck can be explained embryologically. Location of embryonic pharyngeal arches, clefts, and pouches in the adult is presented and terminology of these anomalies (fistulas, sinuses, cysts) is defined. First “cleft and pouch” anomalies relate with the parotid and facial nerve. Second cleft and pouch anomalies course deeply to second arch structures and superficially to third arch structures. Consequently, they relate with hypoglossal and glossopharyngeal nerves and internal and external carotid arteries. Third cleft and pouch anomalies pass deep to third arch entities and superficial to those of the fourth arch and relate with glossopharyngeal, hypoglossal, superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves, and the internal carotid artery. The complicated course of fourth cleft and pouch anomalies brings them into relationship with glossopharyngeal, hypoglossal, superior and recurrent nerves, internal carotid, aorta, and subclavian arteries. Found superficially are veins (external and anterior jugular, common facial, communicating), nerves (transverse cervical, great auricular, mandibular, cervical branches of facial), and relevant spinal nerves (e.g., accessory). Knowledge of these anatomical relations helps prevent anatomical complications.

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Section: Myringeal Webmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Preauricular Cysts Sinuses Fistulas and Skin Tagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preauricular Cysts Sinuses Fistulas and Skin Tagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…that myringeal webs were a continuation of fistulous tracts. 18 Sichel et al, 28 however, proposed that these webs are associated malformations and do not require removal.…”

Section: Myringeal Webmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Lateral Congenital Anomalies of the Pharyngeal Apparatus: Part II. Anatomy of the Abnormal for the Surgeon

Mirilas

2011

The American Surgeon™

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show abstract

“…Sinuses and fistulae may also occur. Such anomalies happen most commonly in association with the second branchial cleft, possibly because this cleft is the deepest, and persists longer embryologically (Proctor and Proctor, 1970). Second branchial cleft cysts most commonly present in the second decade of life with a cervical mass, most commonly at the junction of the upper and middle thirds of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%