Congenital malformations according to etiology in newborns from the floricultural zone of Mexico state

Abstract

Birth defects are the number one cause of child mortality worldwide and in 2010 it was the second cause in Mexico. Congenital malformations are a public health issue, because they cause infant mortality, chronic disease and disability. The origin can be genetic, environmental or unknown causes. Among environmental contaminants, pesticides stand out. In this study, we determine the frequency and etiology of congenital malformations in newborns (NBs) of a floricultural community and we compare it with that in the urban community. For 18 months, the NBs were monitored at the Tenancingo General Hospital and the Mother and Child Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital (IMIEM) in Toluca. The identification of these malformations was carried out in accordance with the WHO. In Tenancingo, 1149 NBs were viewed, where 20% had some kind of congenital malformations. While in the IMIEM, 5069 were reviewed and 6% had some malformation. According to the etiology, in Tenancingo, 69% were multifactorial, 28% were monogenetic and 2% were chromosomal. In the IMIEM, 47% were multifactorial, then 18.3% were monogenetic and 2.8% were chromosomal. There was a significant difference between the global frequency of malformations and the multifactorial etiology of both institutions. Our results show that congenital malformations in the NBs occurred more frequently in the floricultural zone and that because the percentage of multifactorial etiology is higher, it is likely there is an association with exposure to pesticides.

Identificación de malformaciones congénitas asociadas a plaguicidas disruptores endocrinos en estados brasileños productores de granos

“…La investigación de Castillo-Cadena et al (28) tiene como objetivo establecer la influencia del lugar de trabajo y la exposición ambiental a los plaguicidas en la aparición de malformaciones congénitas. Para ello, la frecuencia y la etiología de las MC fueron examinadas en la región florícola del estado de México, en el hospital general de Tenancingo, y se comparó con el área urbana representada por la Madre y Hospital de Obstetricia y Ginecología Infantil (IMIEM) en la ciudad de Toluca, la capital del estado de México.…”

Cancer and occupational exposure to pesticides: a bibliometric study of the past 10 years

“…Ramos et al ( 2021 ) also identified a number of studies which demonstrated that the toxic effects of pesticides could lead to immunostimulation or immunosuppression (Barnett and Brundage 2010 ; Corsini et al 2013 ), although the exact mechanisms are still unclear (Noworyta-Głowacka et al 2012 ; Aroonvilairat et al 2015 ; Medina-Buelvas et al 2019 ). The disorders known to be associated with pesticides include several types of cancer (Mostafalou and Abdollahi 2017 ; Calaf 2021 ), congenital malformations (Castillo-Cadena et al 2017 ; Rocha and Grisolia 2018 ), problems in the reproductive system (García et al 2017 ; Hu et al 2018 ), depression, anxiety, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, and even death (Ratnasekhar et al 2019 ; Sharma et al 2020 ).…”

A silent epidemic of major congenital malformations in Tigray, northern Ethiopia: hospital-based study

“…The causes of the congenital anomalies could be genetic, environmental or a combination of factors 3 – 6 . Specifically, chemical toxicants, infection agents, maternal disease, and extracellular factors such as X-rays or chemical pollution, and periconceptional hormonal disruption are among the environmental factors that lead to congenital anomalies.…”