Congenital Malformations of the Aortic and Pulmonary Valves

Simonds, J. P.

doi:10.1097/00000441-192310000-00013

Cited by 135 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…A quadricuspid aortic valve usually appears as an isolated congenital anomaly, but may also be associated with other abnormalities, including patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, subaortic fibromuscular stenosis, and anomalies of the coronary arteries. 1,3) Malformation of the coronary artery origin and distribution occurs in around 30% of quadricuspid aortic valves. 1,3,4) In our series, there was coronary displacement only in the first case (an incidence of 33%).…”

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3) Malformation of the coronary artery origin and distribution occurs in around 30% of quadricuspid aortic valves. 1,3,4) In our series, there was coronary displacement only in the first case (an incidence of 33%). From the viewpoint of the surgeon, it is important to notice any displacement of the coronary ostium in order to prevent ostial obstruction at the time of valve replacement or repair.…”

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%

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Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: A Report on a 10-Year Case Series and Literature Review

Hayakawa

Asai

Kinoshita

et al. 2014

ATCS

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Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: A Report on a 10-Year Case Series and Literature Review

Hayakawa

Asai

Kinoshita

et al. 2014

ATCS

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“…5 There are also three reports of quinticuspid aortic valves. 4,9,10 To date, we were able to find 110 other cases of QAV in the literature. Of the cases reported, there was a slight male predominance, with a male to female ratio of 1.6:1; this is similar to the distribution of quadricuspid pulmonary valves.…”

Section: Incidence Of Quadricuspid Aortic Valvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of mechanisms have been suggested. These have included anomalous septation of the conotruncus, 4,11,12 excavation of one of the valve cushions, 4 and septation of a normal valve cushion as a result of an inflammatory episode. 13 Studies have suggested that QAVs may result from the division of one of the three mesenchymal ridges that normally give rise to three aortic valve cushions.…”

Section: Embryologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quadricuspid aortic valves

Timperley

Milner

Marshall

et al. 2002

Clinical Cardiology

120

136

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Summary:Quadricuspid aortic valves (QAV) are a rare but well recognized cause of significant aortic regurgitation. The first case was found reported in 1862. Since then there have been 110 reported cases of QAV and we report 4 more. Previously, these were diagnosed at the time of surgery or postmortem examination. With advances in echocardiography, including harmonic imaging, and also the advent of transesophageal echocardiography, more cases are being diagnosed prior to surgery. We describe four more cases, three diagnosed preoperatively and one at the time of surgery, and then review the previously reported cases. Of the 114 cases reported, 46 had the aortic valve replaced, most commonly in the 5th and 6th decade of life. Hurwitz and Roberts classified quadricuspid valves according to the size of the leaflets. It has previously been believed that QAVs with four equal sized leaflets were less likely to develop significant aortic regurgitation; however, on review of the available cases, this would not appear to be the case. The preoperative diagnosis of QAVs is important as they can be associated with abnormally placed coronary ostium. Of the 114 cases reported, there are 10 reports of abnormally placed ostia. There has been at least one reported case of death occurring because of obstruction of an abnormally placed right coronary ostium by a prosthetic aortic valve.

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“…A supernumerary or quadricuspid pulmonary valve has been considered to be a rare congenital anomaly (Simonds , 1923). However, de Vries (1918) , Becker (1972) found that a fourth valvula or cusp in this normally tricuspid valve occurred frequently .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%