Congenital mesoblastic nephroma: a rare pediatric neoplasm

Abstract

Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is a stromal neoplasm of infancy. It has been referred to as mesenchymal, cystic or leiomyomatous hamartoma. These tumors are centered around the hilus of the kidney. Mesoblastic nephromas need to be distinguished from other pediatric renal neoplasms as these lesions are treated by complete surgical excision without chemotherapy unless gross residual tumor remains. Here, we describe the gross and microscopic features of mesoblastic nephroma in a twenty-day old infant.

Solid tumors in neonates: demographic pattern and management in a tertiary care centre

“…So, authors believe that this is an underreported pediatric renal neoplasm [18]. In spite of the benign nature, CMN can metastasize and there are chances of recurrence in 5-10% cases [20]. Although nephrectomy is adequate treatment for CMN, infants should be followed due to potential risk of malignancy, especially the cellular variant.…”

“…It typically affects young infants and is reported as commonest kidney tumor in children below 3 months of age [4,19]. Two histological types of CMN are recognized, (i) classical type (24%) representing purely benign, (ii) cellular type (66%) having aggressive pathological behaviour [18,20]. A mixed variant containing features of both the types is also encountered in 10% cases [19].…”

Congenital mesoblastic nephroma in a premature neonate: A case report and review of literature

“…[1,2] Histologically, two main variants are recognized, the classic and cellular variants. [3] A third variant, mixed type, combines the features of the two main variants. [3,4] In general, prognosis is very good and in most cases, surgery alone may effect a cure.…”

“…[3] A third variant, mixed type, combines the features of the two main variants. [3,4] In general, prognosis is very good and in most cases, surgery alone may effect a cure. [4] The more aggressive behavior has been observed in the cellular or mixed variants with documented cases having recurrence and metastasis.…”

Cellular Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma in a Newborn

“…Grossly it appears as solid, firm and non-encapsulated mass with irregular margin. Histologically it consists of interlacing fascicles of fibroblastic cells with thin tapered nuclei, pink cytoplasm, low mitotic activity and abundant collagen deposition [ 3 ]. Cellular varieties have larger areas of haemorrhage with cystic and necrotic components.…”