Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma

Abstract

Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is a rare renal tumor of early infancy with a favorable outcome after complete surgical removal. It consists of a heterogeneous group of spindle cell tumors. Early and accurate prenatal diagnosis of the renal tumor may improve the outcome of affected pregnancies by implementing the best strategy for prenatal management and delivery. But detection of congenital mesoblastic nephroma in a fetus is rare. To the authors' knowledge, there are fewer than 30 reports of a prenatal diagnosis of a mesoblastic nephroma in the literature. This case describes the prenatal sonographic diagnosis of cellular congenital mesoblastic nephroma.

Fetal Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma: Case Report

“…CMN has a benign course, and radical nephrectomy is curative in the majority of cases. Additional chemotherapy should be started for those cases in which surgical margins are involved histologically [4,7]. Both classic and cellular tumors have an excellent prognosis in babies presenting before 3 months [11].…”

“…Antenatal detection of a fetal mass helps in planning and treatment of CMN. Though it is difficult to differentiate CMN and Wilms tumor on prenatal ultrasound findings due to overlapping feature [4], a high index of suspicion with prenatal ultrasound features may lead to an appropriate diagnosis of CMN. Fetal MRI may resolve the diagnostic dilemma, but histopathology is definitive.…”