Congenital Phimosis in Patients With and Without Lichen Sclerosus: Distinct Expression Patterns of Tissue Remodeling Associated Genes

Abstract

Distinct expression patterns of tissue remodeling associated genes are evident in boys with congenital phimosis and lichen sclerosis, while congenital phimosis without lichen sclerosis represents a physiological condition.

Differential gene hypermethylation in genital lichen sclerosus and cancer: a comparative study

“…Hence, the aetiological factors and precancerous character of LS in men remain poorly understood, with only a few studies of the molecular alterations of these lesions having been published . Edmonds et al .…”

“…18,58,59 Hence, the aetiological factors and precancerous character of LS in men remain poorly understood, with only a few studies of the molecular alterations of these lesions having been published. [25][26][27][28] Edmonds et al described the down-regulation of the expression of certain genes in male genital LS, some of which (e.g. that encoding myopodin) might be regulated by hypermethylation, as is the case in bladder and colon cancer.…”

“…However, the aetiological factors and precancerous nature of LS in men remain poorly understood, with few studies of the molecular alterations related to malignancy in penile LS . Hypermethylation of tumour suppressor genes involved in essential cell functions is one of the most common alterations in cancer, including penile cancer .…”

“…20 However, the aetiological factors and precancerous nature of LS in men remain poorly understood, with few studies of the molecular alterations related to malignancy in penile LS. [25][26][27][28] Hypermethylation of tumour suppressor genes involved in essential cell functions is one of the most common alterations in cancer, 29 including penile cancer. 30 These epigenetic alterations are also present in benign lesions at different locations, 31,32 including vulvar LS, as previously reported by our group (MGMT, p16, RASSF1, RASSF2, and TSP1).…”

This Month in Pediatric Urology

“…Because it is unclear why this localized inflammatory type of phimosis develops, Pilatz et al (page 268) from Germany performed a prospective study of the molecular aspects of congenital phimosis from lichen sclerosus. 6 They analyzed target specific genes using real-time polymerase chain reaction with complementary protein expression and immunohistochemistry.…”