Congenital Pulmonary Malformation in Children

Abstract

Congenital Pulmonary Malformations (CPMs) are a group of rare lung abnormalities affecting the airways, parenchyma, and vasculature. They represent a spectrum of abnormal development rather than discrete pathological entities. They are caused by aberrant embryological lung development which occurs at different stages of intrauterine life.

Bronchogenic Cyst: A Rare Cause of Respiratory Distress in Neonate - A Case Report

“…BC develops from abnormal budding of tracheal diverticula and can be classified into three categories in relation to the trachea as paratracheally, intraluminally and intramurally. It can be detected as incidental finding on chest radiograph and account for 10% of the mediastinal masses in children but newborn with large cysts can develop respiratory distress, cyanosis and feeding difficulty [2]. We report a neonate with bronchogenic cyst at carina and right bronchus with respiratory distress.…”

“…Imperatori A et al [9] and Kamata T et al [10] observed bronchogenic cyst with pericardial defect in adult. There is a small risk of malignant transformation within the cyst; bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma and neuroblastoma are reported with bronchogenic cyst [2].…”

Persistent Respiratory Distress in Adolescent Girl: Unusual cause

“…These result from aberrant lung development at 7 th to 17 th week of gestation resulting in cystic or solid overgrowth of tubular bronchiolar structure excluding alveoli. The incidence of CCAM (congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations) range between 1:8000 to 1:35,000 live births [1,2]. These anomalies are usually detected antenatally or postnatally in infancy and early childhood [2].…”

“…The incidence of CCAM (congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations) range between 1:8000 to 1:35,000 live births [1,2]. These anomalies are usually detected antenatally or postnatally in infancy and early childhood [2].…”

Case report: Pulmonary sequestration in an adult

“…Pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital lung anomaly defined as an area of dysplastic and nonfunctioning pulmonary tissue with an anomalous systemic blood supply and various forms of venous drainage [1] . The incidence of congenital pulmonary airway malformations is 1 per 8300 to 35,000, and pulmonary sequestrations compromise 0.15% to 6.4% of congenital lung malformations [2] . Pulmonary sequestration is primarily considered a childhood disease, as most cases are diagnosed early in life.…”