Congenital scalp myofibroma: A case report

Abstract

Myofibroma tumors are uncommon benign neoplasms, affecting mainly the early pediatric age group. Infantile myofibromas consist of benign nodules in the skin, muscle, or bone .Less often, they can occur in the lung, heart, gastrointestinal tract, or orbit. Infantile myofibromas exhibit growth in the immediate perinatal period that may continue for the first few months of life, reaching a size approaching several centimeters in diameter. Because this tumor grows rapidly during infancy, capillary hemangioma of the scalp or malignant neoplasia is often suspected. We examine a case of solitary infantile myofibroma in a newborn's scalp, which presented a diagnostic challenge.

Solitary myofibroma in children: a report of two cases

“…The presenting symptoms usually reflect the location of the tumor and mainly include swelling or an enlarging mass or nodüle; lesions are typically painless. Hemangioma-like discoloration, skin atrophy, and ulceration have also been described [3]. Similar to the literature, our cases presented to the clinic with painless masses.…”

“…Myofibroma is a fibrous tumor of childhood and infancy that is characterized by the development of nodular lesions involving the skin, subcutaneous tissue, visceral organs, or bones. It was first described as myofibroblastic proliferation in a newborn in 1951 by Williams and Schrum [3] and was classified according to clinical signs and clinicopathological features by Chung and Enzinger in 1981 [3]. In the WHO 2020 classification of soft tissue tumors, myofibromatosis is classified under the category of pericytic (perivascular) tumors [4].…”

“…However, there is no evidence in the literature of the overall success of these treatments [10]. Recurrences have also been reported, the recurrence rate being 7%-10% in the literature [3]. In a study published in 2017, the median follow-up was 50.5 months, and only 1 in 42 patients developed tumor progression1.…”

“…The rarity of this lesion may complicate the diagnosis for clinicians and pathologists. Differential diagnosis is important to accurately distinguish neurofibromas and other lesions like benign and locally aggressive vascular tumors and various malignant soft tissue tumors [3]. Here, two cases of solitary myofibroma are presented.…”

“…Myofibromas usually consist of benign nodules in the skin, muscle, or bone. Less often, they can occur in the lungs, heart, gastrointestinal tract, or orbit [3]. The rarity of this lesion may complicate the diagnosis for clinicians and pathologists.…”