Congenital Systemic‐to‐Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula: Report of a Case

Abstract

The history is recorded of a seven‐year‐old boy who presented with a continuous murmur in the lower part of the chest on the right side. This proved to be due to a fistula from a systemic artery to a pulmonary vein. There was no associated broncho pulmonary or cardiac abnormality. The genesis of the condition is discussed, with a review of the relevant literature.

Therapeutic embolization of a systemic arterialization of lung without sequestration

“…The patient did well during the subsequent follow-up of 1 year. A similar case of a 7-year-old boy is reported by Varma and Clarke [13]. In this case too a surgical ligation of the systemic vessel only was performed.…”

Congenital anomalous/aberrant systemic artery to pulmonary venous fistula: Closure with vascular plugs & coil embolization

“…A 7-month-old girl with failure to thrive, who, on clinical and diagnostic evaluation [echocardiography & CT angiography] to rule out congenital heart disease, revealed a rare vascular anomaly called systemic artery to pulmonary venous fistula. In our case, there was dual abnormal supply to the entire left lung as 1 anomalous supply by normal systemic artery [internal mammary artery] 2 and an aberrant feeder vessel from the abdominal aorta. Left Lung had normal bronchial connections and normal pulmonary vasculature.…”

“…The characteristics of this condition are as described in Table 31, 2, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21: Multi-detector CT and three-dimensional volume rendering can deliver high-quality angiograms that show multiple and complex arterio-venous malformations. It creates a road map before the endovascular procedure as we planned in our case 8…”

“…After Huber in described for the first time in 1777 about an anomalous pulmonary artery arising from the aorta, several reports of an abnormal vascular supply to the lung were published. Connections between the systemic and pulmonary systems are rare conditions, either congenital or acquired diseases 1, 2…”

Systemic-pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae with pulmonary hypertension

“…Connections between the systemic and pulmonary systems are rare and may be congenital or acquired. [ 1 , 2 ] Patients most often are asymptomatic but may show cyanosis, dyspnea, or hemoptysis. [ 3 ] Systemic artery angiography is the gold standard for diagnosis, with surgery and interventional embolization being used as the primary treatment methods.…”