Congenitally Uncoiled Epididymis in a Cryptorchid Testicle

Davis, Edward L.; Shpall, Robert A.; Goldstein, A.M.B.; Morrow, James W.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)60030-2

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Aberrant structure of Leydig cells,67 vacuolization of Sertoli cell, abnormal cell adhesion and disruption of Sertoli-cell supported blood-testis barrier are the consequences of cryptorchidism in human689 and animal experimental models 71011. Besides, epididymal anomalies are often associated with the undescended testis 1213…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy is increased in cryptorchid testis resulting in abnormal spermatozoa

et al. 2019

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Autophagy is involved in spermatogenesis by regulating germ cell maturation. This catabolic process increases with hyperthermic conditions to prevent the accumulation of damaged organelles. Cryptorchidism is associated with impairment of germ cell maturation revealed by the presence of immature forms of sperm cells in ejaculates. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the status of autophagy in sperm cells from cryptorchid patients. Semen samples of cryptorchid patients and normozoospermic controls were analyzed by immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Autophagy proteins, autophagy-related protein 9 (ATG9) and microtubule-associated protein, 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) were localized by immunocytochemistry on the acrosome and on the equatorial segment of sperm cells. LC3 was also detected in the midpiece of cryptorchid sperm tail. Autophagy substrate p62 protein was present in the acrosome and in the postequatorial segment of sperm in control samples, but not in the cryptorchid ones. Transmission electron microscopy revealed double-membrane-limited autophagosomes in postequatorial part of spermatozoa head and midpiece in cryptorchid samples. Partly degraded mitochondria were frequently discerned in autophagic vacuoles. In conclusion, autophagy is increased in sperm cells from patients with cryptorchid history comparatively to control. Our work provides insights into the role of autophagy in the maturation and survival of human male gametes in pathological conditions. Thus, regulating autophagy could represent a potential way to improve sperm quality in cryptorchid men.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy is increased in cryptorchid testis resulting in abnormal spermatozoa

et al. 2019

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“…Epididymal anomalies associated with the undescended testis were firstly reported in 1851 according to Davis (Davis et al. ). Since then, few studies have investigated the prevalence of these anomalies in cryptorchid patients (reported ranging from 32 to 72%) and their role in testicular migration (Marshall & Shermeta, ; Mininberg & Schlossberg, ; Heath et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epididymal‐testicular fusion anomalies in cryptorchidism are associated with proximal location of the undescended testis and with a widely patent processus vaginalis

Caterino¹,

Lorenzon²,

Cavallini³

et al. 2014

Journal of Anatomy

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Past studies documented the presence of epididymal/testicular fusion anomalies and persistence of a patent processus vaginalis in a small case-series of cryptorchid and/or hydrocele patients. The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the epididymal/testicular anomalies in a series of more than 1000 cryptorchid patients compared with controls. Secondary aims were: (i) to investigate the association between the cryptorchidism and the patency of p. vaginalis; and (ii) to correlate the epididymal/testicular fusion anomalies with the position of the testis and with the patency of the p. vaginalis. The clinical and surgical data of 1002 cryptorchid patients and 230 controls were retrospectively retrieved and analysed. Epididymal/testicular fusion anomalies were classified as: (i) normal anatomy; (ii) minor anomalies; and (iii) major anomalies. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t-test and Chi-square tests. The prevalence of the epididymal/testicular fusion anomalies was higher in the cryptorchid group compared with that of the control group (minor and major anomalies in cryptorchids vs. controls, respectively: 42.2 vs. 5.6% and 9.3 vs. 1.6%, P < 0.0001). Moreover, we documented a correlation of these anomalies with a more proximal localization of the testis (minor and major anomalies in proximal vs. distal location of the testis, respectively: 62.5 vs. 34.8% and 19.1 vs. 6.3%, P < 0.0001) and with the persistence of a widely patent p. vaginalis (minor and major anomalies in widely patent p. vaginalis vs. narrow duct, respectively: 51.7 vs. 42.2 and 11.9% vs. 7.8%, P < 0.001). In conclusion, the epididymal/testicular fusion anomalies were strongly associated with cryptorchidism and the persistence of a widely patent peritoneal vaginal duct. Although it remains unclear whether these anomalies cause non-descent of the testis or, conversely, result from the cryptorchidism or from the persistence of a widely patent duct, our data re-enforce this association.

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Embryology of Testicular Descent and Maldescent

Hadžiselimović¹

1983

Cryptorchidism

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Congenitally Uncoiled Epididymis in a Cryptorchid Testicle

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Autophagy is increased in cryptorchid testis resulting in abnormal spermatozoa

Autophagy is increased in cryptorchid testis resulting in abnormal spermatozoa

Epididymal‐testicular fusion anomalies in cryptorchidism are associated with proximal location of the undescended testis and with a widely patent processus vaginalis

Embryology of Testicular Descent and Maldescent

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