Congestion-Aware Routing, Rebalancing, and Charging Scheduling for Electric Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand System

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the problem of routing, rebalancing, and charging for autonomous electric mobility-on-demand systems with respect to traffic congestion. We analyze the problem at the macroscopical level and use a volume-delay function to capture traffic congestion. To solve this problem, we first formulate an optimization problem for routing and rebalancing. Then, we present heuristic algorithms to find the loop of the flow and examine the energy constraints within the resulting loop. We impose charging constraints on re-routing problem so that the new solution satisfies the energy constraint. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of our method through simulation.

Combined Optimal Routing and Coordination of Connected and Automated Vehicles

“…The authors formulated a gametheoretic problem between CAVs and private vehicles and considered that private vehicles solely minimize their costs. Other research efforts extended the work in [21], [22] and applied it to a more complex network [23] and to situations where charging scheduling of electric CAVs is required [24]. In these papers, the routing problems were solved with respect to the vehicle flow and neglected the actual movement of each CAV at the microscopic level.…”

“…In addition, they assumed the travel demand to be time-invariant so that the traffic condition does not change. Therefore, the estimation of traffic congestion presented in [21]- [24] cannot reflect the real traffic condition caused by each CAV's movement.…”