“…Though, in actual the varying DG sizes have distinct impacts on the performance of the power system due to variation of OPF and can considerably reduce the LMP difference and thereafter the cost. For this reason, in many recent studies applications of classical constrained and multivariable based [13‐14, 17, 23–24, 27, 30, 32, 37, 38, 40‐41], meta‐heuristics (Sensitivity Index based approaches) [12, 16, 19, 20–21, 26, 35–36, 39] and Artificial Intelligence (AI) such as GA, PSO, DE, HEA, Hybrid Bacterial Foraging Optimization and Nelder Mead Algorithm, Hybrid Bacterial Foraging Optimization, Hybrid Firefly and Differential Evolution Algorithm, Hybrid Nelder‐Mead–Fuzzy Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization, Hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm, and Modified grey wolf optimization approach [4, 6–11, 15, 17–18, 21, 22, 28, 31–19, 33–34, 38‐39] etc. based approaches are emerging extensively to solve single and multi‐objective problems of congestion management.…”