Congruence of Transcription Programs in Adult Stem Cell-Derived Jejunum Organoids and Original Tissue During Long-Term Culture

Hee, Bart van der; Madsen, Ole; Vervoort, Jacques; Smidt, Hauke; Wells, Jerry M.

doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.00375

Cited by 44 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The objective of intestinal organoid cultures is to replicate in vitro as closely as possible the phenotype of the intestinal epithelium observed in vivo. Transcriptome analysis revealed that pig jejunum organoids resembled more pig jejunum tissue than the pig IPEC-J2 cell line [ 5 ]. For instance, genes coding for enterohormones or mucins were similarly expressed in jejunum tissue and organoids while they were not expressed in IPEC-J2, probably because of the lack of cellular diversity in this cell line [ 5 ].…”

Section: Phenotype Of Livestock Intestinal Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transcriptome analysis revealed that pig jejunum organoids resembled more pig jejunum tissue than the pig IPEC-J2 cell line [ 5 ]. For instance, genes coding for enterohormones or mucins were similarly expressed in jejunum tissue and organoids while they were not expressed in IPEC-J2, probably because of the lack of cellular diversity in this cell line [ 5 ]. Gene expression patterns also largely overlapped between bovine epithelial crypts and enteroids [ 22 ].…”

Section: Phenotype Of Livestock Intestinal Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability of intestinal organoids to retain digestive-segment specific epithelial phenotype is an important feature previously observed in mice [ 3 ]. Pig organoids from jejunum expressed higher levels of genes involved in digestion and nutrient transport than organoids derived from the ileum, while the opposite was observed for immune-related genes [ 5 ]. These digestive-segment specific gene expression profiles in pig organoids are consistent with known roles of the jejunum for nutrient absorption and of the ileum for host-microbiota interaction.…”

Section: Phenotype Of Livestock Intestinal Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stability of gene expression in organoids across extended period of time and multiple passage is necessary to ensure reproducibility of the results obtained. Transcriptome analysis of pig jejunum organoid lines revealed stable gene expression profile after a long period of culture in vitro (12 weeks/17 passages) [ 5 ]. Bovine enteroid transcriptome also showed an overall stability across 5 passages [ 22 ].…”

Section: Phenotype Of Livestock Intestinal Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro immortalized intestinal epithelial cell lines (e.g. porcine IPEC-J2) lack cellular heterogeneity, do not fully reproduce tissue functionality and present genomic abnormalities [ 4 , 5 ] or have not been established for some species (e.g. chicken, bovine).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Intestinal organoids in farm animals

Beaumont

Blanc

Cherbuy

et al. 2021

Vet Res

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In livestock species, the monolayer of epithelial cells covering the digestive mucosa plays an essential role for nutrition and gut barrier function. However, research on farm animal intestinal epithelium has been hampered by the lack of appropriate in vitro models. Over the past decade, methods to culture livestock intestinal organoids have been developed in pig, bovine, rabbit, horse, sheep and chicken. Gut organoids from farm animals are obtained by seeding tissue-derived intestinal epithelial stem cells in a 3-dimensional culture environment reproducing in vitro the stem cell niche. These organoids can be generated rapidly within days and are formed by a monolayer of polarized epithelial cells containing the diverse differentiated epithelial progeny, recapitulating the original structure and function of the native epithelium. The phenotype of intestinal organoids is stable in long-term culture and reflects characteristics of the digestive segment of origin. Farm animal intestinal organoids can be amplified in vitro, cryopreserved and used for multiple experiments, allowing an efficient reduction of the use of live animals for experimentation. Most of the studies using livestock intestinal organoids were used to investigate host-microbe interactions at the epithelial surface, mainly focused on enteric infections with viruses, bacteria or parasites. Numerous other applications of farm animal intestinal organoids include studies on nutrient absorption, genome editing and bioactive compounds screening relevant for agricultural, veterinary and biomedical sciences. Further improvements of the methods used to culture intestinal organoids from farm animals are required to replicate more closely the intestinal tissue complexity, including the presence of non-epithelial cell types and of the gut microbiota. Harmonization of the methods used to culture livestock intestinal organoids will also be required to increase the reproducibility of the results obtained in these models. In this review, we summarize the methods used to generate and cryopreserve intestinal organoids in farm animals, present their phenotypes and discuss current and future applications of this innovative culture system of the digestive epithelium.

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Section: Phenotype Of Livestock Intestinal Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phenotype Of Livestock Intestinal Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phenotype Of Livestock Intestinal Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phenotype Of Livestock Intestinal Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Intestinal organoids in farm animals

Beaumont

Blanc

Cherbuy

et al. 2021

Vet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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In‐depth analysis of the relationship between bovine intestinal organoids and enteroids based on morphology and transcriptome

Zhang

Yan

et al. 2022

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Intestinal organoids and enteroids as excellent models are miniaturized and simplified for studying intestinal physiological and pathological functions, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. Recently, the application demands for organoids and enteroids in organ development and nutrition metabolism, immune and cancer research increased. But there are few comparative studies on both of them, especially in immunity and metabolism, which is also conducive to further clarifying the role of crypt stem cells and stromal cells. In our study, “natural” organoids were obtained by tissue culture from fetal bovine jejunum and enteroids were successfully isolated and cultured from organoids without supplementing exogenous factors and Matrigel. These mini‐guts displayed similar features to the intestine through immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Organoid and enteroid were systematically compared based on the transcriptome. And some of the results were verified by qRT‐PCR. Our results showed KDGs (Key driver genes) (e.g., SLC13A1, HOXA7, HOXA6, HOXA5, and HOXD4) of organoids enriched in signaling pathways related to organ development and morphology and metabolism. KDGs (e.g., IL‐6, PTGS2, CDH1, JUN, and EGFR) of enteroid were involved in cancer, MAPK, and immune‐related signaling pathways. To the Wnt signaling pathway, highly expressed genes in organoids, including RSPO2, NOTUM, WNT6, and RSPO3, supported the homeostasis of crypt stem cells. Enteroids highly expressed CTNNB1 and WNTs. In addition, we found that organoids and enteroids carried out different functions in immunity and metabolism due to different cell compositions. Therefore, it suggested organoid is more compatible and comprehensive, and enteroid is qualified for the research of immunity and cancer.

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