1981
DOI: 10.1038/291486a0
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Congruent shifts in sand eel abundance in western and eastern North Atlantic ecosystems

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Cited by 82 publications
(35 citation statements)
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“…I NAO has been shown to influence oceanic inflow, primary production and zooplankton communities in the North Sea (Fromentin & Planque 1996, Planque & Fromentin 1996, Heyen et al 1998, and therefore one would expect it also to affect the feeding conditions experienced by planktivores such as sandeels. Sherman et al (1981) attributed a rising abundance of sandeels on the opposite (northwest) side of the Atlantic to the over-exploitation of herring and mackerel (both sandeel predators), implying that top-down effects were dominant within the system. In the North Sea, herring are important predators of sandeel larvae (Hardy 1924), but tend to occupy more northerly areas during warm years (Corten 2001), which suggests that they were not responsible for the effects we detected, since the negative influence of warm conditions was most noticeable in the southern part of the North Sea (Region 1).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…I NAO has been shown to influence oceanic inflow, primary production and zooplankton communities in the North Sea (Fromentin & Planque 1996, Planque & Fromentin 1996, Heyen et al 1998, and therefore one would expect it also to affect the feeding conditions experienced by planktivores such as sandeels. Sherman et al (1981) attributed a rising abundance of sandeels on the opposite (northwest) side of the Atlantic to the over-exploitation of herring and mackerel (both sandeel predators), implying that top-down effects were dominant within the system. In the North Sea, herring are important predators of sandeel larvae (Hardy 1924), but tend to occupy more northerly areas during warm years (Corten 2001), which suggests that they were not responsible for the effects we detected, since the negative influence of warm conditions was most noticeable in the southern part of the North Sea (Region 1).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The level of competition between cetaceans and fisheries can also change with natural or anthropogenic shifts in fish stocks. Since the 1960s, there have been several shifts in dominance in Northeast Shelf pelagic fish stocks between herring (and mackerel) and sand lance (Sherman et al, 1981(Sherman et al, , 1988Sherman, 1986;Sissenwine, 1986;Fogarty et al, 1991). Cetacean predation on small pelagic fishes has also shifted in parallel, with concomitant changes in cetacean distribution patterns (Payne et al ., 1986Schilling et al, 1992;Kenney et al, 1996).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Overfishing of large fishes can lead to increases in the abundances of smaller fishes. This is often evident when fisheries target large predators that can include pelagic species (Sherman et al 1981), demersal species (Bundy 2005) or large marine mammals (Springer et al 2003, Estes et al 2006. Because it is the indirect relationships in food webs that are often pervasive, complexity often overrides straightforward rebounds of prey populations once predators are removed (Yodzis 2001).…”
Section: Trophic Dynamics and Community Roles Of Seabirdsmentioning
confidence: 99%