Conically refracted Gaussian beam transformed by a lens

In this paper, we extend the paraxial conical refraction model to the case of the partially coherent light using the unified optical coherence theory. We demonstrate the decomposition of conical refraction correlation functions into well-known conical refraction coherent modes for a Gaussian Schell-model source. Assuming randomness of the electrical field phase of the input beam, we reformulated and significantly simplified the rigorous conical refraction theory. This approach allows us to consider the propagation of light through a conical refraction crystal in exactly the same way as in the classical case of coherent radiation. Having this in hand, we derive analytically the conical refraction intensity both in the focal plane and in the far field, which allows us to explain and rigorously justify earlier experimental findings and predict new phenomena. The last include the counterintuitive effect of narrowing of the conical refraction ring width, disappearance of the dark Poggendorff’s ring in the Lloyd’s plane, and shift of Raman spots for the low-coherent conical refraction light. We also demonstrate a universal power-law dependence of conical refraction cones coherence degree on the input correlation length and diffraction-free propagation of the low-coherent conical refraction light in the far field.

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Shape and polarization distribution of non-circular conical diffraction beams from conjugate cascades

Iqbal¹,

Marsal²,

Montemezzani³

2023

Opt. Express

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Peculiar non-circularly shaped vector type beams can be obtained naturally by the conical diffraction phenomenon if specific manipulations in wavevector space are performed between optically biaxial crystals arranged in a cascade. We analyze in detail this situation by focusing on the general shapes and the polarization distribution. Both are shown to be correlated to the values of structure parameters introduced in this work. These control parameters depend on the conical diffraction cone aperture angle, on the crystal lengths, and on the magnification values due to x- and y-oriented cylindrical lenses placed between the crystals and coupling common conjugate planes. The local polarization is found to be always linear with the exception of regions where structures composing the pattern intersect or overlap, where elliptical or circular polarization can occur. The way in which the obtained patterns depend on the orientation of individual crystal samples around the common optical axis and on an eventual polarization filtering at various stages of the cascade is discussed as well. Theoretical and experimental findings agree well, as verified for the case of a cascade of two crystals.

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Conically refracted Gaussian beam transformed by a lens

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Evolution of vortices created by conical diffraction in biaxial crystals versus orbital angular momentum

Evolution of vortices created by conical diffraction in biaxial crystals versus orbital angular momentum

Partially coherent conical refraction promises new counter-intuitive phenomena

Shape and polarization distribution of non-circular conical diffraction beams from conjugate cascades

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