Conifer Vegetative Propagation: an Overview from a Commercialization Perspective

Talbert, C. B.; Ritchie, Gary A.; Gupta, Pramod Kumar

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-84175-0_11

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The RGP of the cuttings and transplants was similar in 1996 and 1997 ( [43,47], respectively), but was greater in the transplants in 1997 [45,102]. The transplants had a larger fibrous root system than the cuttings in 1997 (figure 2), perhaps contributing to their higher RGP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The morphological characteristics, root growth potential and flushing response of rooted cuttings compared with transplants of Sitka spruce

O'Reilly

Harper

1999

Ann. For. Sci.

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-The morphological and some physiological attributes of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr) rooted cuttings derived from juvenile selections in the nursery were compared with those of conventional unimproved transplants grown in Ireland in 1996 and 1997. A field trial was established in the second year to assess flushing and growth responses of the stock. Although some were highly significant, absolute differences between stock types in most morphological characteristics were small. Cuttings had much fewer branches/cm shoot, and root dry weights were smaller than in transplants, but the shoot/root ratio differed little between stock types. The root growth potential (RGP)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…(Irish Forestry Board)). The use of vegetatively propagated material is likely to be an important vehicle for delivering the genetically improved planting stock into use [36,47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The morphological characteristics, root growth potential and flushing response of rooted cuttings compared with transplants of Sitka spruce

O'Reilly

Harper

1999

Ann. For. Sci.

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“…Clonal forestry refers to the largescale deployment of a relatively small number of genotypes that have proven their superiority in clonal trials (Burdon 1989;Libby and Ahuja 1993;Talbert et al 1993;) and is increasingly being adopted for radiata pine in New Zealand with over 12 million radiata pine clonal planting stocks deployed commercially (Sorensson and Shelbourne 2005). Recently, the term "varietal forestry" has been adopted to refer to deployment of genetically tested clones, or varieties, generated through somatic embryogenesis (SE; e.g., Park et al 2006;Sorensson 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of genetic parameters and clonal value predictions from clonal trials and seedling base population trials of radiata pine

Baltunis

Dungey

et al. 2008

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Different methods for predicting clonal values were explored for diameter growth (diameter at breast height (DBH)) in a radiata pine clonal forestry program: (1) clones were analyzed with a full model in which the total genetic variation was partitioned into additive, dominance, and epistasis (Clone Only-Full Model); (2) clones were analyzed together with seedling base population data (Clone Plus Seedling (CPS)), and (3) clones were analyzed with a reduced model in which the only genetic term was the total genetic variance (Clone Only-Reduced Model). DBH was assessed at age 5 for clones and between ages 4 to 13 at the seedling trials. Significant additive, dominance, and epistatic genetic effects were estimated for DBH using the CPS model. Nonadditive genetic effects for DBH were 87% as large as additive genetic effects. Narrow-sense ( b h 2 ) and broad-sense ( b H 2 ) heritability estimates for DBH using the CPS model were 0.14 ± 0.01 and 0.26 ± 0.01, respectively. Accuracy of predicted clonal values increased 4% by combining the clone and seedling data over using clonal data alone, resulting in greater confidence in the predicted genetic performance of clones. Our results indicate that exploiting nonadditive genetic effects in clonal varieties will generate greater gains than that typically obtainable from conventional family-based forestry of radiata pine. The predicted genetic gain for DBH from deployment of the top 5% of clones was 24.0%-an improvement of more than 100% over family forestry at the same selection intensity. We conclude that it is best practice to predict clonal values by incorporating seedling base population data in the clonal analysis.

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“…(4) There is no evidence from breeding programs that traits of broad economic importance are controlled by QTL of major effect; large detection-selection populations and many markers are therefore likely to be required for QTL detection and MAS. (5) Clonal propagation, while technically feasible via both embryogenesis and rooted cuttings, is rarely utilized in commercial programs (Talbert et al 1993), limiting the amount of nonadditive genetic variance that can be captured by MAS. Current use of full-sib families can capture one-quarter of the dominance variance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial feasibility of marker-aided selection in Douglas-fir

Johnson¹,

Wheeler²,

Strauss³

2000

Revue canadienne de recherche forestière

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Abstract:The land area required for a marker-aided selection (MAS) program to break-even (i.e., have equal costs and benefits) was estimated using computer simulation for coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in the Pacific Northwestern United States. We compared the selection efficiency obtained when using an index that included the phenotype and marker score with that obtained using only the phenotype. It was assumed that MAS was restricted to within-family selection, that the rotation age was 50 years, and that growth rate (h 2 = 0.25), tree form (h 2 = 0.25), and (or) wood density (h 2 = 0.45) were the objects of improvement. Several population quantitative trait loci (QTL) models, selection population sizes, and interest rates were considered. When large selection population sizes were employed (500 trees per family) MAS gave considerable increases in efficiency of within-family selection; however, results showed that the combination of small selection population sizes (100 trees per family) and many QTL of moderate effect could lead to losses in gain from MAS compared with phenotypic selection. For many reasonable selection scenarios and the simplified assumptions in our model, the land base required for breeding programs to breakeven is smaller or near to the limit of those in place under operational breeding programs in the region. Considerably more research is needed to reasonably predict whether MAS would be cost-effective in practice. However, before some of the basic research needed to implement MAS can be done, organizations need to establish large blocks of full-sib families to allow for QTL identification.Résumé : Les auteurs ont estimé la superficie en plantations nécessaire pour équilibrer les coûts et les bénéfices associés à un programme de sélection assistée par marqueurs (SAM). L'étude a été réalisée à l'aide de simulations informatiques pour le Douglas vert de la côte (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), dans la région du pacifique nord-ouest, aux États-Unis. Deux méthodes de sélection ont été comparées, l'une basée sur le phénotype et la seconde basée simultanément sur le phénotype et la valeur du marqueur. Les effets de la SAM ont été évalués dans un cadre de sélection intra-familiale, en assumant un âge de révolution de 50 ans. Les caractères d'amélioration suivants ont été étudiés : le rythme de croissance (h 2 = 0,25), la forme de l'arbre (h 2 = 0,25), et/ou la densité du bois (h 2 = 0,45). Les auteurs ont considéré plusieurs modèles de population au niveau des loci contrôlant les caractères quantitatifs (QTL), ainsi que plusieurs tailles de population de sélection et plusieurs taux d'intérêt. Lorsque de grandes populations de sélection étaient considérées (500 arbres par famille), la SAM entraînait une sélection intra-familiale considérablement plus efficace. Cependant, les résultats ont démontré que la SAM pouvait entraîner une diminution du gain comparativement à la sélec-tion phénotypique, lorsqu'on était en présence de petites populations de sélection (100 ...

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Conifer Vegetative Propagation: an Overview from a Commercialization Perspective

Cited by 21 publications

References 51 publications

The morphological characteristics, root growth potential and flushing response of rooted cuttings compared with transplants of Sitka spruce

The morphological characteristics, root growth potential and flushing response of rooted cuttings compared with transplants of Sitka spruce

Comparisons of genetic parameters and clonal value predictions from clonal trials and seedling base population trials of radiata pine

Financial feasibility of marker-aided selection in Douglas-fir

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